german radios - cn Archives

4055 - cn

Grundig 4…

18th 3月 202318th 3月 2023
by giovanni

5050W - cn

Grundig 5…

18th 3月 2023
by giovanni

german radios - cn

Nordmende…

16th 3月 202316th 3月 2023
by giovanni

Nordmende Tannhäuser 59

Tannhäuser, nato in una famiglia di cavalieri di Salisburgo, partecipò forse alla sesta crociata del 1228 e fece quindi una vita errante come poeta e cantore. Frequentò la corte di Vienna del duca Federico II.
Secondo una leggenda, nella sua vita Tannhäuser trova il Venusburg (monte di Venere), il regno sotterraneo di Venere, e vive con lei per un anno. Lascia quindi la dea pieno di rimorsi, e intraprende un viaggio fino a Roma, per chiedere perdono al Papa Urbano IV. Il papa gli ricorda che tale peccato porta alla dannazione eterna, e gli promette perdono solo in caso di miracolo: la comparsa di fiori nel suo bastone. Tre giorni dopo Tannhäuser torna a Vienna ed il bastone fiorisce.

La leggenda è stata quindi messa in musica da Richard Wagner con il suo Tannhäuser.

La Nordmende, ai tempi del suo massimo splendore e sviluppo tecnologico volle chiamare Tannhäuser il suo apparecchio più bello mai prodotto.
Un apparecchio studiato per rappresentare il massimo della perfezione tecnica del tempo e costruito con cura maniacale.
Lo stadio finale è composto da una coppia di EL84 in Push-Pull. L'inversione di fase veien effettuata con una sezione del doppio triodo ECC82 in configurazione Cathodyne. Questo tipo di invertitore ha il vantaggio di poter essere collegato direttamente allo stadio precedente.
Tale stadio è costituito dalla sezione rimanente del doppio triodo ECC82 che provvede ad amplificare il segnale dopo l'attenuazione derivante dal circuito del controllo di toni.
Il triodo contenuto nella valvola multifunzione EABC80 costituisce il preamplificatore di ingresso e riceve il segnale da un potenziometro logaritmico con 3 prese intermedie per un complesso ed accuratissimo circuito di controllo fisiologico di volume.

La sezione radio è di altrettanta elevata qualità. E' presente uno stadio di Media Frequenza supplementare allo scopo di aumentare la selettività.
Questo permette una ricezione delle trasmissioni, particolarmente in Modulazione di Frequenza, particolarmente stabile ed esente da disturbi.

Il complesso di altoparlanti è poi veramente imponente. Tutti gli altoparlanti sono di costruzione Isophon.
La riproduzione delle basse e medie frequenze è assicurata da un grande woofer ellittico P 2031/19/105 che misura 31 cm di lunghezza e 20 di altezza.
Agli acuti sono dedicati invece ben 5 altoparlanti costruiti con 3 tecnologie diverse.
Frontalmente abbiamo il medio a cono da 13 cm per una riproduzione morbida e perfettamente integrata con quella del woofer.
Su ciascun lato è stato posto il famoso tweeter a cono HM 10/12/70 ed un tweeter elettrostatico ST HB7.

Come scrisse Baudelaire il Tannhäuser rappresenta la lotta dei due princìpi che hanno scelto il cuore umano come principale campo di battaglia, ossia la carne contro lo spirito.
La Nordmende rese onore a questa grande opera realizzando il suo prodotto migliore.

BLUETOOTH

Ricevitore Bluetooth integrato

CONTINUA >

PIATTAFORMA MULTICONNESSIONE

Ogni radio viene equipaggiata con uno speciale cavo che permette la connessione con qualsiasi sorgente digitale.

- Ricevitore Bluetooth integrato - Questa unità può essere equipaggiata con un ricevitore BLUETOOTH alimentato direttamente dall'apparecchio Questo rende possibile usare l'amplificatore da qualsiasi dispositivo digitale esterno, come IPAD, Smartphone, o sofisticate stazioni multimediali. Potrete ascoltare le vostre Stazioni Web o le vostre musiche preferite senza cavi in giro per la stanza. Su richiesta è possibile anche montare un Ricevitore Wireless.
- Piattaforma Multi Connessione - L'apparecchio viene fornito di un cavo di adattamento che permette di collegarlo a qualsiasi dispositivo digitale come A Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. Questo cavo speciale permette di adattare l'impedenza tra l'apparecchio ed i moderni dispositivi. Inoltre i due canali stereofonici vengono fatti confluire in un unico canale monofonico senza incrementare il carico dell'unità sorgente.

Nel 1923 Otto Hermann Mende fonda a Dresda la Radio H. Mende & Co. Dopo i bombardamenti della fabbrica nel 1945, Martin Mende (figlio del fondatore) crea una nuova società a Brema la North German Mende Broadcast GmbH . Il cui nome viene successivamente cambiato in NORDMENDE.
Negli anni 50 e 60 diventata uno dei produttori tedeschi di radio e TV di maggior prestigio della radio.

Negli anni 70 i televisioni NORDMENDE diventano famosi per i loro telai a schede e per il test rigorosi e controllo di qualità dei prodotti finiti. Ma i costi elevati di tanta qualità si rivelano uno svantaggio competitivo quando il prezzo di televisori a colori ha cominciato a scendere.

Nel 1977 una partecipazione di maggioranza viene venduta ai francesi di Thomson. L'anno seguente, la famiglia vende le azioni rimanenti. Nel 1980, le fabbriche di Brema viene chiusa, NORDMENDE diventando puramente un marchio di proprietà Thomson.

Fonte - Wikipedia

Grazie a Dan Ludington per la foto.

L'apparecchio è stato dotato di un sistema di correzione della risposta in frequenza indipendente dai controlli di tono.
E' composto da 6 tasti che inseriscono curve di equalizzazione predefinite operanti sul circuito di controreazione (non sono filtri passivi).

Il tasto Bass enfatizza i toni bassi.
Il tasto Sprache enfatizza i toni medi per un ascolto più pulito di trasmissioni parlate.
Il tasto Expander (quello grande centrale) inserisce una curva di controreazione che favorisce leggermente i toni medio bassi aumentando il senso di spazialità.
Il tasto Solo accentua leggermente i toni medi per favorire l'ascolto di strumenti singoli.
Il tasto Jazz enfatizza molto i toni bassi ed alti per favorire l'ascolto di questo genere musicale.

Il sistema di controllo dei toni è molto efficiente. Sopra le grandi manopole dei controlli di tono, separate per alti e bassi, troviamo due finestrelle separate che si illumina progressivamente di bianco indicando l'enfasi data alla banda su cui agiscono.
La manopola del controllo degli acuti è collegata alla ferrite nei trasformatori MF e ne fa variare la pendenza della campana del trasformatore stesso. In tal modo, quando si è nelle bande AM, si accentuano ulteriormente i toni acuti già prima dell'arrivo nello stadio amplificatore BF.

Sopra la scala, nel pannello altoparlanti troviamo la serie dei tasti del Bandbreite Schltbar illustrata in precedenza.
Scendendo sulla scala parlante, si trova prima di tutto l'occhio magico che indica la perfetta sintonizzazione di ciascuna stazione.
Sotto si trova il comando del volume (con loudness incorporato).
Tirando la manopola del volume si inserisce il circuito che aumenta la selettività nelle bande AM.
Partendo dall'alto sono indicate poi la scala AM per le Onde Lunghe, Medie e Corte, sotto troviamo la scala FM.
Proseguendo verso destra si vede l'indicatore della posizione dell'antenna in ferrite.
Vi è infine la manopola della sintonia, il cui movimento è molto piacevole essendo supportata da un grosso volano.
Coassiale alla manopola di sintonia c'è la manopola per ruotare l'antenna in ferrite.
Sotto da sinistra troviamo la manopola del controllo degli acuti immersa in un piacevole alloggiamento di bachelite con effetto avorio.

german radios - cn

NORDMENDE…

20th 2月 202320th 2月 2023
by giovanni

Also this reviews will be accompanied by a section with graphs of technical measures of the most important parameters.
There is no such thing anywhere else, as far as I know. Not even the manufacturers themselves detailed the technical features of their own devices at this level.
This new section has been developed for an objective comparison of different devices.
In order to avoid interpreting the measurements incorrectly, it is very important to read the warnings carefully the first time.

The Nordmende Spectra Futura is the only transistor device of the German brand that we will review on this site.
We will examine it for its design resulting from the collaboration between the Nordmende design center and the famous American designer Raymond Loewy.
Will talk about Loewy later on this page. However, we all know the products he designed, such as the Coca-Cola bottle or the Lucky Strike pack.

Collaborating with the American designer was a very good choice. The device was a sales success and overshadowed all similar radio receivers of other brands, which sometimes tried to awkwardly imitate its shapes.
It was produced in many versions, with many color combinations, as shown in the brochures of the time shown here.
The most flamboyant model is certainly the Orange-Red, while the most elegant is with solid aluminum bands and wooden cabinet.

Nordmende produced both monophonic and stereophonic versions of this device. Both models are visible in the photos on this page. Obviously the stereophonic version is the most satisfying from a musical point of view.

The electronic design of this model is interesting from our point of view. Being a few years that the transistors were used for commercial purposes, the circuits were very similar to the tube circuits. The voltages and polarizations changed, but the principle schemes were almost the same, so the sound of the amplifiers of this period is close to the sound of the tube ones.

The FM section is quite stable, very traditional and time-tested.

Conclusions: A beautiful device to look at, which adapts to modern as well as vintage furnishings, with a pleasant and sufficiently powerful sound. A piece of design made in the USA in a machine made in Germany in a handcrafted restoration made in Italy.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The first song is by Megan Thee Stallion and Dua Lipa, it's called Sweetest Pie. Megan Jovon Ruth Pete, aka Megan Thee Stallion for her imposing build, is a Texan rapper and girl prodigy. In a few years he has received considerable public and critical success, famous on TikTok his Savage remixed with Beyoncé. In 2021, she was awarded Best Debut Artist. In 2022 he published in collaboration with the singer Dua Lipa, Sweetest Pie (Sweet cake). The song is permeated with very explicit sensuality, as is Megan's style. An irreverent debut in the presentation of the spectacular Nordmende Spectra Futura.

And irreverence and sensuality are the leitmotifs of the second piece, The quadrille of bullfighters from Bizet's Carmen.
The apparent lack of morality of the protagonist, her vitality, the immeasurable propensity for freedom make her incomprehensible, unacceptable to Don José, who falls madly in love with her and as in the worst traditions will end up killing her. The Spectra Futura, despite the small numbers, manages to highlight the chorus and the orchestra with a momentum typical of much more muscular machines.

The third song, played by Antonio Serrano (mouth organ) and Javier Colina (double bass,) is actually by Stevie Wonder, Overjoyed. The title, overflowing with joy, does not hide the meaning and impulse of the piece. The text of "Overjoyed" speaks of a love not reciprocated, indeed, hidden, lived all alone on one side. Stevie wants to reveal to his beloved how deep is the feeling he has for her, hoping that she will accept it and reciprocate. Musically, the piece is characterized by the continuous changes of key and the use of natural sounds as a rhythmic basis. Serrano's harmonica is well enhanced by the Spectra Futura which puts it a head ahead of the double bass, as it should be.

The fourth song is the famous Back to Black by Amy Whinehouse. “Back to Black” means returning to a state of depression after the end of a love affair. She specifies that it is a state of despondency in which the pain of loneliness drowns in alcohol and drugs. The reference is to the tormented story with Blake Fielder-Civil, which led to her death after a physically and psychologically toxic marriage, where Amy, already debilitated by eating disorders, did not last long.

The fifth song, again by Stevie Wonder, dedicated to his wife, Syreeta Wright. You are the sunshine of my life. The couple was actually already divorced by the time the song hit. Their marriage has always been difficult due to the singer's work schedule. "I've always lived in his shadow," Wright said. However Wonder was very devoted to Syreeta. In the song the husband looks at his now familiar wife and remembers why he loves her and promises he always will. But it didn't work out for this couple.

Raymond Loewy appears twice on the cover of the prestigious TIME magazine, in 1949 and 1990 as one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th century

Born in Paris in 1893, he emigrated to the USA at the end of the First World War. He was one of the most prolific and creative designers in the world, and perhaps deserves the title of father of industrial design.

His work is not limited to a single sector but extends over the most diverse areas.

Much can be read about his work online and in the numerous books dedicated to him, but probably few know that in 1973 he worked on a diplomatic project between the United States and the USSR with the aim of easing tensions between the two countries during the Cold War period.

A very small part of his most famous works

1939 - The Pennsylvania Railroad S1 steam locomotive
1940 - The pack of Lucky Strike cigarettes
1954 - The Scenicruiser bus for Greyhound company
1955 - Coke - The first large format bottle, and in 1960 the first steel can.
1962 - Studebacker Avanti with bodywork made of fiberglass reinforced polyester, speed over 240 km/h.
1962 - Air Force One, designed following the color indications of President John Kennedy, who followed the tastes of First Lady Jaqueline.
1967 - The Nordmende Spectra Futura designer radio, which was successfully marketed the following year.
1971 - Shell logo, which has remained almost unchanged to this day.

蓝牙

加装蓝牙接收器

多平台的连接

每台收音机都配备了一条连接到任何数字设备的音频线。

MEASURED TECHNICAL FEATURES

IMPORTANT REMARK
(to be read carefully at least the first time)

The following measures have been carried out in order to compare, from an electrical point of view, the devices that will be reviewed on this site. It is not possible to make comparisons with measurements made by other laboratories on different devices. The instrumentation and measurement conditions are probably very different.
The instrumentation used for the measurements is obsolete and unprofessional. We believe that more precise instrumentation is not necessary due to the tolerances of the human auditory system. Distinguishing a distortion of 1% from one of 1.1% or 1.001% only makes sense from the electrical point of view. Probably no one can hear the difference by ear. Only a child and very few lucky people can perceive the difference between a flat response curve up to 16 KHz and one up to 20 kHz.
The perception of sound depends on many factors, namely the age of the listener, the listening environment, the musical genre that is being reproduced, the listener's expectations, his or her listening habits and knowledge and many other factors, besides of course the quality of the other devices. Therefore, there is no direct and unique relationship between the results of the measurements made and the pleasantness of listening to a specific device.

BANDWIDTH

Normally the measurement of the bandwidth is done on a resistive load. The deformation caused by the loudspeakers' inductive load and the effect of the mechanical resonance of the speakers themselves on the feedback circuit are not considered. The effects are by no means negligible, the measurements carried out on a purely resistive load are always very linear but they don't coincide with the real frequency response.

On the other hand, this response curve was measured on an inductive laod, that is, with its own loudspeakers.
The frequency response measurements were made with a sinusoidal generator and a Wandel & Goltermann WM – 20 level meter.
You can see the actual frequency response on the vobulator' screen.

As you can see the low tones are slightly enhanced due to the always active loudness correction.

The original speaker, or speakers in the stereo model, is a modest Isophon P13F.
Its most important features are:

Maximum power 5W
Resonance frequency 130Hz
Frequency response 80-14000Hz
Sensitivity N.C.

The loudspeaker seemed to us not being able to fully express the good characteristics of the amplifier, for this reason we decided to replace it with an excellent JBL GTO525e or similar.
The features of the last is completely different:

Maximum power 135W
Resonance frequency 80Hz
Frequency response 70 - 21000Hz
Sensitivity 92dB

With this new loudspeaker the frequency response and power handling have changed radically.
Compatibly with the small dimensions of the cabinet and the limited power, the sound is now much warmer and more convincing. The effect of exaggerated emphasis of the mid tones due to the difficulty of reproducing the low and very high tones of the old loudspeaker has completely disappeared.

In the end, a beautiful sound capable of filling even a medium-sized room.

german radios - cn

Philips S…

21st 11月 202221st 11月 2022
by giovanni

The Philips Saturn 653 / 4E / 3D is the second most important model of the house in 1955, and in the intentions of the manufacturer aspires to be one of the most popular models of all German production for the innovative technology used.

As a matter of fact, they met their goal and produced a unique piece of technology, for both the German and World Wide market.
It’s peculiarities are:

4 power tubes (2xEL84 and 2xUL41)
Dedicated amps for Hi and Low frequencies
An Iron-Free coupling output (OTL)
High Damping Factor with Negative Feedback circuit
4 High impedance speakers

The Philips Saturn 653 / 4E / 3D has dimensions in line with the top models, but it’s woodwork, frames, and speaker covers contribute in giving it a much sleeker, eye-pleasing look to complete any furniture display.
The Low frequencies are particularly deep thanks to the separated OTL amplifiers and to the impressive size of the subwoofer, approximately 21cm in diameter (more or less 8.3 inches).
Exactly the same as for the Capella 753/4E/3D model I suggest making good use of the mid-tweeter, as this successfully crafted speaker (17 cm in diameter) makes the mid and Hi frequencies pleasant and true to life, especially if seated in front of the Machine.

High and Mid Frequencies sections
The FM group is of the variable permeability type. It has a high amplification and stability.
Being equipped with an automatic noise suppressor in the presence of signals below 1.7 V, the output is muted to avoid hearing rustling and noise when searching for stations.
The de-emphasis circuit is set to 50 uS, valid all over the world except for the USA and South Korea. In these countries, the filter should be increased to 75 uS.
The AM section is equipped with a rotating antenna for the OM and OL bands. The antenna can be controlled by a knob on the front.
The mid-frequency sections are composed of three separate filters for AM and FM. The first of these filters is adjustable. The second is the amplifier filter and the third filter further increases the selectivity of the device.

All the listed solutions translate into a very low distortion, an increase in power, and a pleasantness of use hardly ever obtained in other appliances.
This is the Philips Saturn 653/4E/3D

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

– Multi Platform Connection – A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

In 1891, the brothers Gerard and Anton Philips, started to produce the first incandescent bulbs in Eindhoven.
Later, Philips specialized in the production of electro- medical equipment, and in 1918 introduced the first X-ray tube.
In the following years, Philips began specializing in the broadcasting industry. In 1932 the company succeeded in selling over one million radio equipment and became the world’s first producer.
During the Second World War, Philips transferred to the Netherlands Antilles, and returned to the Netherlands at the end of the conflict.
In 1958 Philips was the only multinational to have a pavilion dedicated to the Expo in 1958 known as Le Poème Electronique.
In the second post- war period, began the production of the first televisions, then the launch of the music cassettes in 1963 and the production of the first integrated circuit in 1965.
In 1982 Philips launched with Sony the first compact disc player.
In 1984 Philips acquired the control of the German Grundig.
In the 90's Philips faced a financial crisis.
In 1991 it inserted on the market the Video CD and it is one of the first companies in the world to develop high definition television.
In 1999 Philips established a joint venture with LG Electronics, named LG Display, which ends in 2009.
In 2006 together with Sony launched the first Blu-ray.
In 2009 Phillips launched the first full-HD LCD TV in 21:9 format.
Phillips holds 48,000 registered patents.
Currently, the production is focused on low- energy lighting products and LED systems and services for diagnostics and production of medical devices.

The preamplifier consists of two stages. At the entrance, the volume potentiometer is equipped with three sockets for physiological correction (loudness). The intervention curves are visible in the first graph.
Philips considers the frequency of 800 Hz to be the center of the audible band, so the treble and bass controls are calculated to enhance the frequencies above and below that value. The choice of this frequency is very important for the musicality and the pleasantness perceived by listening to the device.
In the second graph the frequency response of the preamplifier, with the tones enhanced to the maximum. You notice the different equalization you get by listening to the AM bands (Long Waves, Medium, Short) or listening to the FM band and PHONO.

The final stages are two distinct, one for the low frequencies and one for the high frequencies. These amplifiers control separate speakers, a 26 cm woofer for the bass and three speakers for mid/high frequency, with the 17 cm front speaker disconnectable for 3D effect.
The most interesting feature of these final stages is that they are without an output transformer.

The feature that makes this device very interesting is that each final stage uses a pair of EL84 / UL41 in an ironless configuration, ie without an output transformer (the known critical point of the final stage).
The output stage uses the operating principle called Shunt Regulated Push-Pull (SRPP) used today in HIGH-END amplifiers.
The output transformer limits the bandwidth of the entire amplifier. The bass is limited by the inductance of the primary winding, the treble is limited by the parasitic capacitance resulting from the alternation of the primary and secondary windings. The alternating winding of the primary and the secondary windings is also necessary to improve the coupling and thus reduce the dispersed flow.
The reduction of the dispersed flow increases the damping. This is essential in the loudspeakers mounted inside the cabinet of the radios, which do not work in hermetically closed boxes, and which are therefore free to move almost without resistance from the surrounding air.

The two output tubes (EL84, UL41) of each channel, four final valves in total, are connected in series with DC-DC coupling. Each UL41 is configured as a triode.
The output is taken from the cathode of the UL41. The speaker has an impedance of 800 ohms, identical to the average impedance that occurs on the catode, whereby direct coupling (without transformer) is possible between the final stage and the loudspeaker.
The Philips Saturn 653 is therefore totally free of all the problems deriving from the output transformers.

The damping of the loudspeakers is kept high by the low dynamic resistance of the feedback loop.

The 21 cm loudspeaker, with a 23 mm diameter magnetic core, is placed at the front.
A front 17 cm mid-tweeter can also be switched off if you want to increase the 3D effect.
On the two sides, there are two elliptical tweeters pointing upwards. Radiating to the ceiling of the room to take advantage of the reflections of the environment that add to the direct radiation produce an expansion of the soundstage.
There are no dangers of stationary wave due to the working frequency of these speakers.

There are several options for connecting external speakers.
It is, in fact, possible to connect an external woofer, excluding or not the internal woofer while leaving all the other speakers active.
It is possible to connect external medium-high units, excluding or not the internal mid-tweeters, while leaving the internal woofer active.
It is possible to connect woofers and external medium-high units, excluding or not all, or some, internal speakers.

In the center of the speaker panel is the Magic Eye which indicates the perfect tuning of each station.
KLANGREGLER - Low Tone Indicator (FA Key) and High Tone Indicator (SOL Key).
Just below we find the large Volume knob, with built-in automatic loudness correction.
FERROCEPTOR - Indicator of the position of the internal ferrite antenna. This internal antenna (excludable with the HA key) is used in the OM and OL bands. The internal antenna must be rotated until the best tuning is achieved.
Just below we find the large knob of the Manual Tuning, whose movement is very pleasant being supported by a large flywheel

german radios - cn

Korting R…

5th 7月 202220th 2月 2023
by giovanni

The Korting Royal Syntektor 55W is the most prestigious model made by Leipzig's factory that year.
We already restored some Korting Royal Syntekor and while listening we were amazed by the unusual dynamic characteristics. Also the 55W proved itself up to expectations. The high volume listening of this device is extremely rewarding and often surprising. All this due to two elements: the transducers and a particular circuitry of the final stage.
The main (loud)speaker is a fabulous Isophon P23/25/105, with an AlNiCo magnet of 10500 Gauss and a linear response from 65 Hz to 10 kHz. It can withstand strong mechanical stresses and moreover it is fitted in a solidly built piece of forniture.
A 17 cm Medium adds brilliance on 900 – 1200 Hz range, the most important one to have a great experience while listening.
Not least the two big electrostatic tweeter, in plain view: their surface is very wide when compared with others usually placed on radios.
Moreover, let's talk about two little circuit's tricks: an oversize output transformer, making it very difficult to reach saturation and an unusual two power pentodes EL84's drivers.
As in the photo (9) the preamplifier stage is entrusted to a variable slope EF89 pentode that controls directly the first EL84 grid. Thereafter the signal is sent to the EABC80 triode's grid which dephases it of 180 degrees and then sends it to the second EL84. Such circuits allows a high control voltage of the two final valves which can reveal all their power.

Also the FM section is unusual: the detector stage is syncrhronous, thanks to this, distortion is very low. Besides, you can select two levels of circuit sensitivity to avoid the detector stage saturation.

Conclusions: just one, this device must be listened at high volumes to fully enjoy its largeness.

The Royal Syntektor 55W recondings are made to highlight its very notable dynamic characteristics. Anyway these recordings don't let us appraise the impact from listening at high/loud volume with this device. We get only a perception of its quality.

The first track is “I've been loving you too long” by Otis Redding, recorded in 1965, written with Jerry Butler and inspired by love problems Otis was going through at the time. At Monterey Festival in 1967 audience was thrilled by Jimi Hendrix, who set on fire his handpainted Stratocaster at the end of his exhibition and Otis Redding, the most charismatic voice of Soul music. Few months later, Otis and his bandmates will die in a plane crash at Lake Monona, Wisconsin. My favourite cover of the song is the one by Ike & Tina Turner.
The second track is one of Cesária Évora's masterpieces, “Isolada”, written in 2003, first track of the album "Voz d'amor". Cesária's smooth voice dives you into Cabo Verde's atmosphere and in Morna, a music genre typical of these islands in which the main instruments are violão and rabeca (guitar and violin). Rhythm is slow and the composition usually monotonous. The main composer was Eugénio de Paula Tavares. The archipelago was used as a headquarter for slave trade between Africa and America; after the abrogation of slavery in Portuguese Empire, recurring droguths and desertification, which led to famine and plagues, natives inhabitants were forced to leave. This social background gave birth to Morna.
The third track is from Tosca, “Vissi d'arte” by Giacomo Puccini – performed by Maria Callas, stage name of American-born Greek Anna Maria Cecilia Sophia Kalogeropoulos, one of the most renowned opera singers of all times. The Soprano has the highest vocal range of all female voice types, higher than Mezzosoprano and
Contralto, it requires a range of two octaves and a strong virtuosity, but Callas was a Coloratura soprano, she was able to perform roles as mezzosoprano, soprano leggero and soprano lirico. Not by chance she is still remembered as “La Divina”.
The fourth track is the catchy song by Eros Ramazzotti “Più bella cosa”. The song is dedicated to Michelle Hunziker, who he met at the time, but also (mainly) to Music, Eros' first true love that he will celebrate in many other songs. The lyrics there are clear references to memories and emotions (thrills) of his past rather than his love with Michelle.
The last track is one of Queen's most famous songs, “We will rock you”. Its history is really interesting: in a 1977 concert the band felt the crowd so engaged while singing along. They felt people had no room to dance and move freely, the only thing they could do was to clap hands, to stomp with feet and to sing. Hence “We will rock you” was born, a song about three ages of man: the child, the grown-up and the elderly.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embedn

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.n

- Bluetooth receiver embed - The unit is equipped with a BLUETOOTH receiver powered directly by the receiver power supply. This makes it possible to control the amplifier from any external digital device as an IPAD, a Smartphone, or a sophisticated multimedia station. So you can hear your preferred web station or your lossesless file without cables on the room. Wireless Receiver can be equipped upon requests.
- Multi Platform Connection - A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

Körting-Radio-Werke Oswald Ritter was founded by Karl Oswald Max Ritter after leaving Dietz & Ritter GmbH in 1940.
At they beginning it produced radio receivers, transformers and electronic devices.
Körting branded radio receivers have great success thanks to their high-quality.
After World War II, the company ventures with Carl Zeiss but in 1946 productions volumes drop due to the company's decommissioning.
In 1948 it is seized and transferred to public property and managed by VEB Radio and Telecommunications Technology.
In 1949 Ritter moves to Upper Bavaria with some of his employees and in 1951, with a 5 millions DM lended by Bayerische Staatsbank, he acquires Belwe GmbH in Grassau, a producer of flatirons, toasters and little lamps, expanding the production to radios, speakers and electro-medical devices.
Körting's sales in West Germany are low compared to its competitors and the internal bank orders Gerhard Böhme to reorganize the company at the beginning of 1953. Oswald Ritter resigns as an associate in the summer of 1953 and Böhme becomes the company's manager.
In 1955 Ritter definitively leaves the company and dies on October 2nd, 1959 after a long illness.
The company agrees a deal with Neckermann, an important mail-order company in Frankfurt. Neckermann nuys and sells all the televisions and radios with the brand Neckermann-Körting.
In 1957, Körting laucnhes the Dynamic 830W, the first radio in the world with dynamics expander.
From 1952 to 1964 sales are 7-times higher.
In 1963 and in 1964, Körting has to increase its capabilities due to increased sales. In quick succession the company opens new branches in Grödig, near Salzburg, Möbelwerke Wallerstein and Körting-Italiana in Pavia. In this period Körting produces devices for Kuba-Imperial , Elac , Blaupunkt and Siemens.
In 1970, Körting makes a deal with Yugoslavian Gorenje to build televisions in their headquarters in Slovenia.
In 1972 Kuba ceases production, followed by Elac in 1978, and Karstadt takes over Neckermann, interrupting the cooperation with Körting.
In 1978 Körting filed for bankruptcy , on September 1st 1978 Gorenje acquires the main factory in Grassau, but at the end of March 1983 also Gorenje Körting Electronic goes bankrupt.

MEASURED TECHNICAL FEATURES

IMPORTANT REMARK
(to be read carefully at least the first time)

The following measures have been carried out in order to compare, from an electrical point of view, the devices that will be reviewed on this site. It is not possible to make comparisons with measurements made by other laboratories on different devices. The instrumentation and measurement conditions are probably very different.
The instrumentation used for the measurements is obsolete and unprofessional. We believe that more precise instrumentation is not necessary due to the tolerances of the human auditory system. Distinguishing a distortion of 1% from one of 1.1% or 1.001% only makes sense from the electrical point of view. Probably no one can hear the difference by ear. Only a child and very few lucky people can perceive the difference between a flat response curve up to 16 KHz and one up to 20 kHz.
The perception of sound depends on many factors, namely the age of the listener, the listening environment, the musical genre that is being reproduced, the listener's expectations, his or her listening habits and knowledge and many other factors, besides of course the quality of the other devices. Therefore, there is no direct and unique relationship between the results of the measurements made and the pleasantness of listening to a specific device.

BANDWIDTH

ation caused by the loudspeakers' inductive load and the effect of the mechanical resonance of the speakers themselves on the feedback circuit are not considered. The effects are by no means negligible, the measurements carried out on a purely resistive load are
always very linear but they don't coincide with the real frequency response.

The radio's loudspeakers are one of the most interesting and distintive features.

The first, as well as the biggest one, is an electromagnetic Isophon P23/25/105; its diameter is about 22 cm and with a 10500 Gauss magnet has a frequency response that goes from 65 to 10.000 Hz within +/- 3 dB.
The whole frequency range is sent to this loudspeaker and the upper part is cut mechanically.
The basses are always ready and extremely powerful. As anticipated power and dynamism are the main feature of this device.

The second loudspeaker is a 17 cm diameter broadband, with a medium cone's incline, very fast and which extens very high for a brilliant playing of mid-range sounds.
The speaker is connected to an intermediate socket of the output transformer and the latter (the last one) acts as a filter and a power redicer at the speaker ends.

Finally, we talk about the excellent electrostatic tweeter, very large and efficient with a convex front surface that increases the diffusion area.
A really well thought speakers' set, wisely implemented regardless of the price.

Inside the cabinet there is a dipole for FM reception and a ferrite rotating aerial for AM reception.
Ferrite aerial can be rotated from the outside to achieve a perfect tuning of the device in the AM.
In this picture you can see the rotation mechanism, and the aerial position indicator.
The reception sensitivity with internal aerials is very good. This unit was in fact produced when there were not many radio stations, and those available were far from each other.
Using an external aerial sensitivity is further increased.

schaub-lorenz - cn

Schaub Lo…

28th 5月 2022
by giovanni

SCHAUB LORENZ GOLDSUPER W42

Come ho scritto in altre recensioni le Schaub-Lorenz si riconoscono alla prima occhiata.
In Schaub gli sforzi dei designer e dei progettisti era orientata all'eleganza degli apparecchi.
La Schaub Lorenz Goldsuper W42 infatti ha una linea snella ed elegante. Le superfici sono mosse, le venature del legno sono simmetriche e scelte con cura.
I fregi, gli ottoni, le tele, sono tutti elementi scelti con gusto per dare un senso di ricercatezza e di classe.
Il colpo d'occhio è quello di un profilo classico ma leggero, ma l'ascolto rivela tutt'altra personalità.

La Goldsuper W42 è il modello top della casa nel 1957.
Uno stadio finale in Push-Pull composto da due Triodo-Pentodo ECL82. Una potenza d'uscita misurata di 6,6 W RMS, superiore a quella dichiarata cautelativamente dalla casa costruttrice.
Due grandi altoparlanti a larga banda anteriori e due tweeter elettrostatici laterali per una potenza di fuoco insospettabile.

Il suono è come di consueto molto morbido, con bei bassi caldi e piacevoli.
La risposta in frequenza è accentuata sulle basse frequenze. Per avere una risposta lineare su tutta la banda il mio consiglio è quello di tenere premuto il tasto Hohen, che esalta la risposta nella parte alta della banda. Questa indicazione è valida soprattutto nell'ascolto di brani, non compressi, da ingresso Bluetooth. In tal modo si potranno realmente apprezzare le caratteristiche di brillantezza dei tweeter elettrostatici e la leggerezza dei coni frontali.

La manopola di sintonia è molto piacevole da utilizzare per via del particolare sistema, a puleggia, di trasmissione del movimento.
I tasti sono morbidi e dall'azionamento sicuro e senza inceppamenti.

La sezione sintonizzatore è stabile ed esente da disturbi.
La scala parlante colorata è molto leggibile, grande ed appariscente, altra caratteristica delle Schaub-Lorenz.

Karl Daniel Lorenz, il padre di Carl Lorenz, era un musicista e compositore di musica da camera.
Per questo il test di questo apparecchio verrà fatto eseguendo brani di questo genere musicale.
La musica da camera comprende qualsiasi tipo di musica scritto per un complesso limitato di esecutori. A seconda del numero degli esecutori a cui è destinata prende il nome di DUO, TRIO, ecc.
La musica da camera strumentale, viene chiamata SONATA, mentre quella vocale viene detta CANTATA. Nella scaletta sono state previste sia Sonate che Cantate.

Cominciamo con la più classica delle sonatine, il primo brano è la Piano Sonata No.16 in C major, K.545 di W.A.Mozart.
In particolare ascoltiamo il primo movimento, l'Allegro. Pubblicata postuma grazie ad una stampa del compositore ed editore J.A. André fu considerata da Mozart una sonata per principianti. Probabilmente deve la sua fama alla semplicità richiesta nell'esecuzione. Essendo molto conosciuta ci permette una facile confronto.

Il secondo brano è una bella incisione del 1999 della Decca. Si tratta della Salve Regina in F minor tratta dallo Stabat Mater di G.B.Pergolesi. Nato a Jesi nel 1710 e morto a soli 26 anni di tubercolosi. Il Pergolesi nutriva una grande venerazione per la Madonna, e lo Stabat Mater fu terminato, con grande tenacia dall'autore proprio pochi giorni prima della sua morte. Lo Stabat Mater, attribuito a Jacopone da Todi, è l'apertura del componimento poetico, inizialmente recitato e poi cantato, nelle celebrazione dedicate alla Vergine Addolorata. La trascrizione del Pergolesi è particolarmente toccante considerando anche il contesto di sofferenza derivante dalla malattia, in cui fu scritta.

Il terzo brano è un recitativo di F.Mendelssohn , il cui titolo è "Da Jesu geboren ward". E' tratto da un compact disk prodotto dell'encomiabile associazione francese Mécénat Musical Société Générale, fondazione dell'omonimo gruppo bancario francese. Il recitativo inizia con "Da Jesus geboren ward zu Bethlehem im jüdischen Lande" che è l'incipit del Vangelo di Matteo 2,1 nella trascrizione di Martin Lutero. L'intero Oratorio è di provenienza Protestante, questo rende l'incisione storicamente molto interessante.

Il quarto brano è di César Franck - Sonata in La maggiore per Violino e Pianoforte. Una curiosità su questa sonata merita di essere conosciuta. Questa sonata fu il regalo di nozze di Franck all'amico e virtuoso belga Eugène Ysaÿe. La prima esecuzione avvenne nel Museo d'Arte Moderna di Bruxelles e programmata per essere eseguita nel pomeriggio. Il regolamento della galleria però stabilisce che non vi debba essere alcun tipo di illuminazione artificiale nelle sale. Alla fine del primo movimento, essendo ormai buio, i presenti vennero invitati ad andarsene dal personale. Ma gli spettatori rifiutarono ed Ysaÿe e la pianista continuarono ad eseguire la Sonata al buio, a memoria, emozionando gli ascoltatori. Arte è anche questo.

L'ultimo brano è il BB115, I. Assai lento - Allegro troppo dalla Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion di Béla Bartók. Questo brano, pur conservando al forma sonata rappresenta una decisa rottura rispetto ai pezzi proposti in precedenza. Nel primo movimento la struttura ritmica viene enunciata, poi viene modificata per poi essere riproposta. E' una forma abbastanza complessa, anche da ascoltare. La Sonata di Bartok è una delle ultime e più mature opere del compositore. In una delle prossime recensioni invece verrà proposto un pezzo de "Il mandarino meraviglioso", l'opera più tormentata, scandalosa ed ardita del compositore Ungherese.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embedn

PIATTAFORMA MULTICONNESSIONE

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.n

In 1870, Carl Lorenz (1844-1889) opens a lightning hardware shop in Berlin.
After his death, the company is acquired by textile entrepreneur Robert Held (1862-1924).
Carl's brother, Alfred Lorenz, is appointed as technical director. Under Held, the company became an important supplier of telegraphy equipment.
The company expands in the telephone industry buying Lewart and it becomes the telephone provider for postal service.
In 1906, the company is registered for public commerce as C. Lorenz AG.
At the beginning of World War I, Lorenz had reached the number of 3.000 employees and was an important provider of telephone and telegraphy equipment for the German army.
At the end of the First War, the size of the company decreases considerably and activities are oriented to the production of household radios and aeronautical communications devices.
In the 1920's, the company is the main competitor of Telefunken.
In 1930, it is under the control of Standard Elektrizitätsgesellschaft, a branch of American society ITT.
Lorenz patented the ferrite aerial in 1935, which has been used since then in most domestic receivers.
While Germany was preparing for another War, Lorenz went back to the production of material for the army.
In 1940, he aquires G. Schaub Apparatebau-Gesellschaft; its many factories were mainly used for low-cost production.
Lorenz's military products during World War II included land and air radars, radios, recorders, radio tubes and the safest communication device in Germany, Lorenz's machine and code.
Lorenz owned the 25% of Focke-Wulf, the German aeronautical company that built some of the most successful Luftwaffe fighter jets.
In the midst of the War, Lorenz had about 24.000 workers in 12 operating structures.
In 1948, Lorenz has to start over.
Some factories had been shut down and those in the eastern part had been transferred or transferred to the Soviet Union.
During the 1950's, Lorenz recovers very quickly. In 1954, the name of the broadcasting devices brand is changed to Schaub-Lorenz.
In 1958, C. Lorenz AG ceased to exist as an independent company. ITT reorganizes its activities in Germany by merging Lorenz, Standard Elektrizitätsgesellschaft and many more into a new society, named Standard Elektrik Lorenz (or SEL).
In 1961, the company also becomes the main shareholder of Graetz.
In 1987, it is incorporated by the French company Alcatel.
In 2016, Alcatel is bought by Nokia.

CARATTERISTICHE TECNICHE MISURATE

IMPORTANTE PREMESSA
(da leggere con attenzione almeno la prima volta)

Le misure che seguono sono state eseguite allo scopo di confrontare, dal punto di vista elettrico, gli apparecchi che via via verranno recensiti in questo sito. Non è possibile fare un confronto con le misurazioni effettuate da altri laboratori su altri apparecchi. La strumentazione e le condizioni di misura sono probabilmente molto diversi.
La strumentazione impiegata per le misurazione è obsoleta e non professionale. Riteniamo non sia necessaria una strumentazione più precisa a causa delle tolleranze del sistema uditivo umano. Distinguere una distorsione dell'1% da una del 1,1% o 1,001% ha senso solo dal punto di vista elettrico. Probabilmente nessuno ad orecchio può sentire la differenza. Solo un bambino e pochissimi fortunati possono percepire la differenza tra una curva di risposta lineare fino a 16 KHz ed una fino a 20 kHz.
La percezione del suono dipende da molti fattori, l'età dell'ascoltatore, l'ambiente di ascolto, quanto si presta quel genere musicale ad essere riprodotto, le aspettative dell'ascoltatore, la sua abitudine all'ascolto, la sua conoscenza e molti altri fattori, oltre naturalmente alla qualità della catena di riproduzione. Non c'è quindi una relazione diretta ed univoca tra i risultati delle misure effettuate e la piacevolezza d'ascolto di un determinato apparecchio.

BANDA PASSANTE

La Curva della risposta in frequenza è stata rilevata su carico resistivo misurando la tensione efficace alle diverse frequenze e convertendo i risultati in DB

La linea ROSSA indica la banda passante con i potenziometri di tono in posizione di massima esaltazione
La linea BLU indica la banda passante con i potenziometri di tono in posizione lineare.

La banda passante è stata misurata su carico resistivo. Non tiene conto quindi delle deformazioni derivanti dal carico induttivo degli altoparlanti e della risposta meccanica degli stessi.

POTENZA RMS

Consideriamo come Potenza Massima il quadrato della minore tra le tensioni RMS misurate alle tre frequenze campione diviso la resistenza di carico.
Le condizioni di misura sono le seguenti:
- frequenze campione, 100, 1000, 10.000 Hz
- carico resistivo di 4 ohm
- distorsione minore o uguale a 1%.
Lo strumento di misura fornisce direttamente il valore RMS.

La potenza RMS misurata è di 6,6 W

DISTORSIONE DI INTERMODULAZIONE %

La Distorsione di Intermodulazione è stata misurata con lo standard SMPTE e potenza di erogazione misurata di 1W RMS.
Le due misure sono state eseguite modulando l'onda sinusoidale base di 50 Hz con una sinusoide a 5400 Hz, con una ampiezza in rapporto di 1/4 rispetto alla sinusoide di base.
La tensione di uscita è stata mantenuta intorno ai 2,00V su un carico di 4 ohm.

La Distorsione di Intermodulazione (IM%) misurata è di 0,6%

A puro scopo didattico qui di seguito si vede l'effetto di un incremento eccessivo del segnale di ingresso sulla distorsione. La deformazione della forma d'onda in uscita è evidente. Le valvole finali lavorano in zona di non linearità, saturando e producendo una grande quantità di armoniche (nei punti indicati nelle foto).

freiburg studio - cn

Saba Frei…

19th 5月 202028th 12月 2020
by giovanni

The Saba Freiburg Studio is almost identical to the Freiburg 14 and Freiburg Studio A.
The latter has a different design of the dialglass and the stereo decoder mounted standard, with its indicator on front.
The Saba Freiburg Studio is however ready for mounting a stereo decoder, so just insert it in the special socket after removing the plug.
The description is therefore the same as the Freiburg 14 model that has been previously reviewed.
The Saba Freiburg Studio are the highest expression of German production with regard to tube receivers equipped with automatic search.
No German receiver can give more, and none contains all the features and performances that Freiburg Studio have.

Electronically, it is the same machine used in the Saba Freiburg 14 or Saba STudio A, so refer to this page for the technical description, but the flexibility is very different.
In this description I will focus precisely on this versatility.

- The first advantage is that being without speakers the cabinet is much more compact, and this allows you to position it in the environment with much more ease.
- The second advantage is that is possible to pair the device with the most suitable speakers and position the speakers in the most appropriate way for ideal listening.

These possibilities offered by receivers, including the Saba Freiburg Studio, are extremely important. If well used they can radically change the sound of a system.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

- Bluetooth receiver embed – The unit is equipped with a BLUETOOTH receiver powered directly by the receiver power supply. This makes it possible to control the amplifier from any external digital device as an IPAD, a Smartphone, or a sophisticated multimedia station. So you can hear your preferred web station or your lossesless file without cables on the room. Wireless Receiver can be equipped upon requests.

– Multi Platform Connection – A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

SABA is the acronym for Schawarzwälder-Apparate-Bau-Anstalt meaning engineering institute of Technological appliances of the Black Forest.

The company was founded back in 1835 by Joseph Benedikt with the initial name of Jockele-Uhren, but only in 1923 the production of radio devices began and the company went under the name of SABA.
Toward the end of the 20s SABA became famous with the well-known S35 and in the following years it became the second German producer after Telefunken. During the war SABA produced military equipment and in 1945 the company was completely destroyed by a bombing.
In 1947 the production of radio devices began again and SABA distinguished itself immediately for ist avant-garde and high- quality production.

hey also began to produce TVs (the first PAL color TV is a SABA), house appliances and medical equipment. Many Italians used to work there. The Alnico Greencone loudspeakers became popular for their linearity, power handling, constant impendence that would be employed in each Hi-Fi devices of that time.

The radio devices with motorized tuning became popular as well and SABA became the representative German brand meaning quality, reliability and detailed precision. In the 1970s the decline began. According to specialized magazines of that time not having a Japanese device at that time meant not having Hi-Fi. In the 80s Thompson took over SABA. In the 90s the other way around, having a Japanese device of the 70s meant not having Hi-Fi. They found out that they functioned with a 96% counterreaction and that a device with 0.001 db from 1 to 100 KHz extension did not necessarily sound good.

We do not trust our ears and we do trust what other people say not necessarily with a good purpose.
2007: due to insolvency SABA disappeared from the TLC (Chinese) and Thompson (French) joint venture, and SABA ceased to exist.

The tuning system is a masterwork.
It is a motor with windings supplied in a phase shifted by some capacitors. It permit to change the motor rotation direction of according to whether the search is in one sense or another.
The tuning is centered by drawing part of the signal from the CAC circuit and by using a relais controlled by a tube.
As already mentioned, calibration is rather complex and it cannot be put into practice without referring to SABA’s original manuals.
Below a detail of the engine and the scheme section to control the automatism.

The first small window that can be seen on the left side indicates whether the ferrite curve is inserted and its position.
On the left side you can also find the volume control (with incorporated loudness) and the ferrite curve rotation control.
Right above the volume control there is a magic eye indicating the perfect tuning of each station.
Below you can see the Mono/Stereo indicator and further below the bass control knob.
The AM bands with Short, Medium and Long Waves and the FM displays.
Starting from the lefthand corner you can see the Musik/Sprache, Stereo/Mono, AUX input buttons, the band switch buttons, the Long, medium, short waves and FM switch buttons and the motorized tuning system (Automatik) button.

Lastly the ON/OFF button.
Next to it the acutes control knob is to be found.
The Musik/Sprache equalizer indicator.
On the right, the tuning knob, which is supported by a big fly-wheel that renders its movement really pleasant.
The automatic tuning functioning indicator is to be found on the right as well.
Below two buttons for the automatic tuning functioning. Each button activates the automatic tuning mechanism in one or the other direction. By pushing one of those buttons the engine constantly activates the tuning indicator for a fast reposition.

162w - cn

Graetz 16…

13th 5月 20206th 6月 2022
by giovanni

The review of the Graetz 162W is different from all the reviews ever published.

Starting from this one, the reviews will be accompanied by a section with graphs of technical measures of the most important parameters.
There is no such thing anywhere else, as far as I know. Not even the manufacturers themselves detailed the technical features of their own devices at this level.
This new section has been developed for an objective comparison of different devices.
In order to avoid interpreting the measurements incorrectly, it is very important to read the warnings carefully the first time.

When it was decided to restore and test the Graetz 162W, expectations were quite high. Actually, the 162W differs from the 163W, top model of the Graetz production in 1952, only for the output tube, one of the two speakers and some other minor details. Moreover, both of these devices have very interesting circuit choices which provide them with a very peculiar sound.
First of all, they are both equipped with an electromagnetic coil loudspeaker and a permanent magnet loudspeaker. The permanent magnet loudspeaker, with a smaller diameter, has a greater extension towards medium and high frequencies. The electromagnetic coil loudspeaker has a considerable extension towards the medium-low frequencies. The two speakers are connected in series, there is no a crossover network between the two, the separation of frequencies is entrusted to the mechanical characteristics of the speakers themselves. Both of them will be examined in detail in the specific section.

The FM section is also very peculiar. The HF section is entrusted to an EF80 Variable transconductance . The same tube is used simultaneously as a audio preamplifier. In the diagram here, the HF circuit is highlighted in blue and the audio stage one, instead, is highlighted in red.

The Audio Section is entrusted to a EL41 pentode EL41 working in A Class.
The Volume potentiometer is equipped with a loudness pinout. It is known, in fact, that when listening at very low volume, the low and acute notes are not perceived with the same sound intensity as the medium notes, which clearly prevail.
The loudnes circuit changes the curve response of the preamp section specularly to the Fletcher–Munson curve. This allows to keep the perception of the extreme sounds of the audible audio spectrum constant even at low volume levels. The Tone Control, separate bass and treble, is inserted in the feedback network.

Conclusions: a warm and mellow sound was what one would expect from the Graetz 162W, and this is even its most evident feature. The absence of a real tweeter makes it necessary to emphasize the treble to get a balanced response. The treble control effectively solves the problem. The efficiency of the two loudspeakers and the very contained distortion give this radio a powerful voice, despite the limited power available. The tuning is very stable. The interfacing with external sources, CD players, bluetooth etc. is free of any problem. Its graceful shape, the choice and the processing of the wood and its musicality make it a very enjoyable and reliable device.

The recordings made with the Graetz 162W are all dedicated to the dawn of Jazz. Listening to such songs with this device was particularly exciting, given the dominance of medium tones and voices. The old recordings have shown an unusual charm and it is worth listening to them.

The first song is one of the first and most peculiar Negro-American ballads, Frankie and Albert in the famous interpretation of Huddie Ledbetter.

Leadbelly, stage name of Ledbetter, that derives from a bullet never extracted from his belly, had a very busy life. From 1910 to 1930 he was arrested several times, in Texas and Louisiana, for fighting, attempted murder, for getting some girls pregnant.
In the last years of his turbulent life finally came a good success in the music field, which even got him to a tour in Europe.
http://www.leadbelly.org/
The ballad talks about Frankie, a good and devoted woman, and about her lover, Albert, a deadbeat and violent, who betrays her. The long ballad talks about Frankie's revenge who kills him by shooting him and who, after asking for Albert's mother's forgiveness, is sentenced to the the electric chair.
The story refers to a real fact that happened in 1899 in Missouri between Frankie Baker (22 years old) and Allen (Albert) Britt (17 years old).

The second song is a Pianola Roll recording of the very well-known Maple leaf Rag, played by Scott Joplin.
This recording on Roll for piano, thought to be lost, was found on Ebay mounted on a wrong player. The perforated roll has been restored and recording is freely available on Youtube.
The American Civil War has been over for three years, misery, hunger, rebellions, they are tough years in the States. There is a need for cheerful music to lift the spirits and Ragtime comes at the right time. Born as art music, difficult to perform, it finds in Joplin its greatest exponent. Born in Texas, he started playing in the infamous clubs of Missouri and then moved to New York.
The Ragtime develops in four themes of sixteen themes according to the AABBACCDDL scheme. The beauty of the songs here proposed lies in the syncopated rhythm played with the right hand accompanied by the 2/4 not syncopated time played by the left hand. For M.Stearns, in “The story of Jazz” the left hand is inspired by the rhythm of the European school march, the right by the way of playing the Banjo proper to the black musicians of the South.

A white New Orleans musician who deserves to be remembered is Paul Mares.
The third and fourth tracks proposed are his famous foxtrot “She's Cryin' For Me” in Mares' original version and in the Au Brothers Jazz Band's interpretation.
Paul Mares moved to Chicago in 1919, created the famous New Orleans Rhythm Kings. The orchestra was mainly formed by white immigrants from New Orleans, they played at Friar's Inn, in the heart of white Chicago, a place frequented by gangsters such as Al Capone. Mares is to be credited for bringing New Orleans' musical soul to Chicago.

The Au brothers owe their musical talent to their uncle, a High Sierra trombonist, Howard Miyata. The quality of the execution and the arrangements restore the freshness and panache that characterized this last century music at its beginnings. The proposed recording has both the strengths and weaknesses of live recordings.

BLUETOOTH

加装蓝牙接收器

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

每台收音机都配备了一条连接到任何数字设备的音频线。

- 蓝牙接收器加装-该单位配备了一个蓝牙接收器，直接由收音机供应电源。这使得有可能控制放大器从任何外部数字设备作为一个iPad，智能手机，或一个复杂的多媒体站。所以你能无线听到您喜欢的网站或你的无损档案。无线接收器可根据要求选配。

– 多平台连接-一个定制的适应电缆连接任何数字设备，如iPhone，智能手机，笔记本电脑，CD播放器等将提供这台收音机。这种特殊的电缆适合现代设备和接收机之间的不同阻抗。此外，两个立体声信道流入一个不增加负载的输入单元。

Ehrich & Graetz金属制品厂由Albert Graetz（1831–1901）和商人Emil Ehrich（死于1887）以“Lampen-Fabrik Ehrich & Graetz OHG” (E&G). 为公司名称成立于1866年柏林。
到1897时，公司由Albert的儿子Max Graetz和Adolf Graetz控制。公司发展迅速，1899分别在柏林、美国、法国、英国和孟买建立工厂。
在1910-1916 年Max Graetz成立了著名的Petromax Lantern公司。1925年工厂也以Graetzor公司名稱開始生产收音机和其他电器。

就像第一次世界大战一样，在第二次世界大战中该公司成為战争工业的一部分。随着来自法国、俄罗斯和中国的强迫劳工的使用，该公司在生产上取得了巨大的收益。
1945年四月底这家工厂被俄国军队占领了。

1949年公司成为“人民”计划的一部分，自1950年成為“VEB VolksEigenerBetrieb” “VEB Fernmeldewerk, Berlin Treptow (RFFT).” VolksEigenerBetrieb,，意味着工厂的人拥有者是人民（共产主义）。

1948年Erich和Fritz Graetz在德国Altena成立了一家新的公司名稱為Graetz公司，这是Graetzor在柏林遭沒收的家族公司的继任者。这家新公司主要生产收音机和电视机1961年公司再卖给Standard Elektrik Lorenz (SEL) AG，但自1987年以来一直到现在由芬兰Nokia公司拥有。

MEASURED TECHNICAL FEATURES

IMPORTANT REMARK
(to be read carefully at least the first time)

The following measures have been carried out in order to compare, from an electrical point of view, the devices that will be reviewed on this site. It is not possible to make comparisons with measurements made by other laboratories on different devices. The instrumentation and measurement conditions are probably very different.
The instrumentation used for the measurements is obsolete and unprofessional. We believe that more precise instrumentation is not necessary due to the tolerances of the human auditory system. Distinguishing a distortion of 1% from one of 1.1% or 1.001% only makes sense from the electrical point of view. Probably no one can hear the difference by ear. Only a child and very few lucky people can perceive the difference between a flat response curve up to 16 KHz and one up to 20 kHz.
The perception of sound depends on many factors, namely the age of the listener, the listening environment, the musical genre that is being reproduced, the listener's expectations, his or her listening habits and knowledge and many other factors, besides of course the quality of the other devices. Therefore, there is no direct and unique relationship between the results of the measurements made and the pleasantness of listening to a specific device.

BANDWIDTH

The frequency response curve was detected on resistive load by measuring the RMS voltage at different frequencies and converting the results into DB.

The BLUE line indicates the bandwidth with the tone potentiometer in a flat position.
The RED line indicates the bandwidth with the tone potentiometer in the position of maximum exaltation.

The bandwidth was measured on resistive load. Therefore, it does not take into account the deformations deriving from the inductive load of the loudspeakers and their mechanical response.

RMS POWER

We consider as Maximum Power the square of the lower of the RMS voltages measured at the three sample frequencies divided by the load resistence.
The measurement conditions are the following:
- sample frequencies, 100, 1000, 10,000 Hz
- 8 ohm resistive load
- distortion less than or equal to 1%.
The measuring instrument provides the RMS value directly.

The measured RMS power is 3.4 W

INTERMODULATION DISTORTION %

The Intermodulation Distortion % was measured with the SMPTE standard and measured at 1W RMS.
The two measurements were carried out by modulating the 50 Hz sine wave with a 1080 Hz sine wave and then with a 10400 Hz sine wave, with an amplitude in a ratio of 1/4 compared to the basic sinusoid.
The output voltage was kept around 2.83V on an 8 ohm carico.

The measured Intermodulation Distortion % (IM%) is 0.8%

IM% at 1000 Hz

IM% at 10.000 Hz

The speakers of this radio are one of the most interesting and peculiar characteristics of such device.

The larger of the two measures approximately 24 cm in diameter and is electrodynamic. Instead of having a Permanent Magnet, like all modern cone loudspeakers, the static part called field coil, inside which runs the moving coil that drives the cone, is made up of an electromagnet. A winding of very fine wire which, when traversed by electricity, becomes a magnet.
In this speaker, branded Graetz BV8191 model, the winding consists of 11,000 coils of 0.18 mm copper wire. The static resistance of the winding is 950 ohms.
Being the winding of the field coil connected between the two power supply filter capacitors it also works as an inductor of the LC filter, thereby significantly reducing the ripple at the output of the second filter capacitor.
Finally, it can be seen in the photos that this speaker has a concentric fold in the cone. This has two functions. The first one is to reinforce the cone, for which a thinner and lighter membrane can be used allowing a more prompt response and less inertia. The second is a mechanical insulation between the central part of the cone and the external part.
The central part of the cone is the one that reproduces the high tones, which in this way is more elastic than the entire cone, allowing an upward extension of the frequency response.

The second speaker is an Isophon P18 / 19/105 with permanent magnet, 18 cm in diameter, and a frequency response that extends from 90 to 10,000 Hz within 3 dB.
Connected in series to the bigger loudspeaker, it reinforces the whole band in general and, above all, it extends upwards the extension of the entire system.
It is a speaker with a fairly light cone, with an Alnico magnet and a magnetic flux density of 10,500 Gauss. The speaker is very dynamic and efficient. The complete features are indicated in the chart.

By pulling the knob, a switch is activated which halves the anode voltage of all the tubes. In this way there is a decrease in the brightness of the magic eye and a decrease in the wear of all the tubes. The power supplied is also decreased and this allows a better management of the volume control at low levels. In fact, with the same angular rotation that normally allows to go from the lowest to the highest level, with the anode volatge and therefore also the power halved, the potentiometer allows to go from zero to about half the volume, becoming easier to adjust. This function is especially useful for night listening.

german radios - cn

Grundig 5…

4th 5月 202025th 11月 2021
by giovanni

The Grundig 5010 is the most powerful monaural device ever built by this brand.
Grundig used to produce different classes of devices. Those in the 1xxx series are the cheapest, those in the 2xxx and 3xxx series are middle class, those in the 4xxx and 5xxx series are high class.
Clearly, the 5010 belongs to the higher class series, and it shows.
The electronic circuit of the 5010 is the most elaborate one could imagine in a commercial device built in 1952. The output stage consists of a pair of powerful EL12 push-pulls. No other manufacturer has used of these expensive tubes in a couple.
The output transformers are two, separate, one for the bass and one for the mid-high.
The first is equipped with a double secondary winding, one for the mid-woofer and one for the feedback circuit.
The mid-high transformer is also equipped with a double secondary winding, one for the cone mid-tweeter and one for the electrostatic tweeter.
The crossover consist of capacitors and coil networks. Really remarkable.
The tone controls are applied on the feedback network, further reducing the distortion, but risking instability when the potentiometer are in their extreme positions.
The Push/Pull phase reversal is provided by a dual triode ECC40, where each section drives one of the two EL12s.
The preamplifier is composed of the triode of an EABC80.
The power supply filter consists of a Pi filter of capacitor and inductor.

The FM antenna circuit consists of an EF80 pentode and the local oscillator consists of an EC92 triode.
As it is the only one, the variable capacitor is composed of many sections, for the AM and FM bands.

The tracks chosen for the test are only two. They are quite long as they have not been cut, they have been kept in all their duration. This is because they are both tracks that develop in different ways, alternating moments of pianissimo with areas of big explosion. In the case of the Overture 1812 this last statement must be taken literally.

Binker and Moses have recently emerged in the London jazz scene in the last few years and have the great merit of having aroused in young people an authentic interest in this musical genre, often followed by a more mature audience.
The song “Fete By The River” was recorded live at the Total Refreshment Center in London on June 26th 2017. This excellent recording recreates all the freshness and warmth that are typical of the duo's performances. The video, which is very well done, is also on Youtube, and it is worth seeing.
Drummer Moses Boyd can keep two different rhythms simultaneously, as if there were two drummers playing next to each other.
Binker Golding uses the entire excursion of the saxophone alternating very low and warm notes with disruptive and impressive high-pitched sounds . Binker alternates in a very instinctive way some pianissimo that are almost whispered and explosions of very colorful notes that fill the environment and manage to draw the listeners' attention.
A sequence of syncopated rhythms that has you on the edge of your seat until the end of the track and then bursts into a liberating applause of heartfelt participation.
There is a scent of jazz of the great masters.
The Grundig 5010, with its power and dynamics manages to convey all the expressive capacity of the duo with a realism that makes it hard to believe that it comes from a 1952 radio.

P.I.Tchaikovsky - 1812 Overture: one of the most controversial tracks, but certainly one of the most loved by the public was written to commemorate the Russian success in the battle of Borodinó on September 7th 1812, fought during Napoleon's campaign in Russia.
It was commissioned for the inauguration of the huge Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, built by the will of Tsar Alexander I as a memorial for the Russian victory of 1812 over the Napoleonic army.
The overture begins with the orthodox song “Spasi, Gospodi, Lyudi Tvoya” (“God, preserve your people”). It then continues with the popular melody, “U vorot” (“At the gates”). This first part is meant to convey the joy of popular and religious life before the arrival of the Napoleonic troops, represented by the Marseillaise (which however was not used as a national anthem at Napoleon's time).
The decreasing that follows represents the withdrawal of the French troops from Moscow and the arrival of cannon shots marks the military advance of the victorious Russian army. The tolling of bells marks the end of the conflict and the Russian imperial anthem “Bóže, Carjá chraní!” (“God save the Tsar”) is heard in the background (this hymn was not in use at the time either, just like the Marseillaise!).
Even in this very difficult track, the muscles of the 5010 and its excellent speakers have allowed an exciting and distortion-free listening, even at rather high volumes. The engraving is the famous one by Telarc, and you can hear it.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

- Multi Platform Connection - A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

1930 - At 22 years old Max Grundig begin a radio repair business.

1939 - The II world War start. Grundig works primarily for the Wehrmacht and repair of telecommunication equipment.

1945 - Immediately after the war, the demand for repair work was very great. Max Grundig built the first two Grundig appliances: the Tubatest tube tester and the Novatest testing device.

1947 - Start the sale of a kit radio, the Heinzelmann. The unit is the basis of success, sold more than 15,000 pieces.

1950 - Very high frequency (VHF) is introduced to Germany and places new demands on the industry. Grundig launches the 380 W on the market.

1952 - The first television channel starts up in Germany. After intensive research, Grundig launches the FS 080 onto the market. In the same year the first portable tape recorder Reporter 500 L is created.

1956 - After a lot of radio produced with progrssively high performances was produced the Concert Radio 5080 equipped with an equaliser, which has five controls and a visual display.

1965 - A new factory is established in Braga, Portugal. The Satellit 205 is one of many appliances in the Satellit series. This product marks the beginning of Grundig production of high-quality global receivers.

1970 - The Audiorama 7000 Hi-fi was produced, it has twelve dynamic speaker systems in one speaker.

1976 - The Reel Tape Recorder TS 1000 is equipped for semi-professional use.

1980 - The slim-line Hi-fi Tuner ST 6000 and the Monolith Hi-fi Dynamic Flat Top Antenna, which has 22 speaker systems, are two particularly popular appliances in the new hi-fi range.

1984 - After severe drop in sales Philips increased its stake in Grundig 31.6 percent and takes over the corporate management.

1997 - Philips pulls out of its involvement with Grundig.

2003 - The company files for bankruptcy.

2008 - Turkey's Koç Holding took full ownership of Grundig Multimedia B.V., the parent company of Grundig Intermedia GmbH in Nuremberg.

Courtesy of: Grundig

Year of production: 1952/53
Superheterodyne IF 468/10700
9 AM circuits
10 FM circuits

Wavebands:
Long wave: 150 - 310 KHz
Medium wave 1: 515 - 945 KHz
Medium wave 2: 935 - 1620 KHz
Short wave 1: 5,9 - 8,6 MHz
Short wave 2: 8,6 - 12,5 MHz
Short wave 3: 12,5 - 18 MHz
FM: 86,5 - 100 MHz

Loudspeakers:
1 elliptical wideband
1 electrostatic tweeter
1 elliptical Mid/Tweeter

Dimensions (LHD): 706 x 414 x 305 mm / 27.8 x 16.3 x 12 inch
Net weight: 20 kg / 44 lb 0.8 oz

10 tubes:
EF80 EC92 EF85 ECH81 EM34 EAF42 EABC80 ECC40 2xEL12

The tones control system is very efficient. Above the large tone control knobs there is a band that lights up gradually indicating the emphasis on the band on which it acts.
Interesting the high-tone control knob linked to two thin ropes. One of them is for the position indicator of the control itself, whereas the other changes the position of the ferrite in the MF transformers modifying the inclination of the transformer’s curve.
By doing so high tones were attenuated/accentuated even before getting to the BF stage. Tone control was usually put into effect with the potentiometer on the voltage amplifier stage

There are three loudspeakers, all produced by Grundig.

The main wide band measures 13.8 in of width for 7.9 in of height. It covers a part of the radio’s width ..... that is so big.
A very interesting feature is that they are equipped with an adjustable basket.
This allows me to centre the cone movement with respect to the magnetic system.

The electrostatic tweeter is mounted in front of the main wideband. This gives a considerable presence effect to the musical reproduction.
The coaxial lodspeakers allow to locate the position, the depth with respect to the listener, of the various instruments or of the voice with significant precision.
It is a solution that I have always appreciated and that is found in the best radio devices.

The mid-tweeter has an oversized magnet. It has to tolerate considerable power peaks because it is cut very low.
The acute are unexpectedly crystalline whilst remaining very sweet.

The cones are cellulose treated and they are to this day in perfect condition, without any deformation or structural failure.
Objects built when they had to last “at least” the life time of the owner.