german radios - cn Archives – 第7页共7页

Telefunke…

17th 3 月 201716th 5 月 2023
by giovanni

大约在60年代初期，德国最大的制造商把我们现在称之为“接收器”的产品推向市场。他们称之为Steuergerät，即电子控制单元。Telefunken（德律风根）Concertino Steuergerät 2380就是一个这样的设备。
德律风根生产两类的steuergeräT，分别配置A级输出和AB级输出。Concertino 2380属于A级输出，Opus 2430和后来的Opus 2550则属于AB级输出。
Concertino和Opus 2550具有相同的尺寸，相同的外壳。Opus机型输出更强大一些，每频道7 W，而Concertino每频道4 W。但4W在A级输出具有其特殊性的:它的优点是失真度小，信号越小传真度越高。因其高传真度，部分高级音响器材仍采用A級放大器。
Opus和Concertino的另一个很大的区别是，Opus设计了一个嵌入式的立体声解码器，雖然在Concertino解码器是选购的。但我们所有的Concertinos都是配备了立体声解码器。
Concertino最终管是著名的ECL86。这种双重管由一个三极管作为前置放大器，和一个五极管作为功率输出。
我们经常可以发现这种管使用于精制的放大器中，如Bang & Olufsen 608或Scott Stereomaster 200B。
Concertino 2380配备了超大的输出变压器以防止空气间隙达到饱和。此外，超大形的电源供器，你可以在图片中看到。
该电路还提供了负反馈，保证其线性度。
前置放大器有一个音量和音调控制( 高音和低音分离的控制 )。
还有两个移动式均衡器，进一步强调低音和高音。当该设备连接到频率反应不是完全线性的扬声器时，它们是非常有用的。
最后，声音是非常圆润和平衡的，正如你所期望的。你可以感知音符之间的空间。这电子管装置产生一个温暖的声音，正如预期的那样，但如果连接至有超高音喇叭的扬声器时，甚至会令人產生急躁感。
这种类型的设备有如此的声音质量真的是不可想象。由于该设备内置蓝牙，所以特别适合听”流媒体音乐”。这在我看来，是把它的使用最佳化。

分離式的扬声器

它可以连接任何扬声器，最好是高效率扬声器。

详细介绍 >

立体声解码器

该设备配备了罕见的立体声解码器，让您收听FM调频立体声广播多种立体声。

详细介绍 >

蓝牙

内置蓝牙接收器

详细介绍 >

多平台的连接

每台收音机都配有一条特殊的音频线以连接任何数位音源。

详细介绍 >

- 独立式的扬声器 - 使用独立式的扬声器是立体声接收器的重要选择。这使您的接收器能够在最适合的特定空间连接扬声器，以达到设计或声学性能要求。最适合进行分析后的扬声器。

- 立体声解码器-它配备了 - 个集成立体声解码器。这允许您使用立体声传输系统收听电台。许多立体声接收器没有配备这种多路转换器，所以他们只有当选择录音机/唱片机/辅助输入时才会有立体声工作。这样的接收器在听收音机时，两频道发送相同的信号，所以听的是单声道。Concertino 2380不是上述的情况，而是完全超越立体声。

- 蓝牙接收器加装-该单位配备了一个蓝牙接收器，直接由收音机供应电源。这使得有可能控制放大器从任何外部数字设备作为一个iPad，智能手机，或一个复杂的多媒体站。所以你能无线听到您喜欢的网站或你的无损档案。无线接收器可根据要求选配。

– 多平台连接-一个定制的适应电缆连接任何数字设备，如iPhone，智能手机，笔记本电脑，CD播放器等将提供这台收音机。这种特殊的电缆适合现代设备和接收机之间的不同阻抗。此外，两个立体声信道流入一个不增加负载的输入单元。

1903年: 為了防止English Marconi公司对无线传输市场的垄断，Kaiser Wilhelm II命令AEG公司和Siemens公司成立一个合资企业在德国发展无线电报。以Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegrafen mbH公司名称成立。

1923年: 公司更名为Firmierung in Telefunken，Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegrafen mbH。简称德律风根（Telefunken），快速和直接的感觉：Tele是“电报”的意思, Funken则是“闪电”的意思。

1930年: 逐步从军事和政府设备的生产转到消费电器的生产。在这期间，德律风根进入收音机-电视，唱片机和唱片市场。

1930年: 当时无线电传输不仅需要传送电报信息，而且还需要真正的音乐和语音广播，因此有必要引入声音压缩的概念，以避免无线电音量的不断变化。德律风根设计并生产的U3，这是世界上第一个发射站的压缩机。图片所看到的U73b是由以前的机型演变而生，它允许你改变压缩程度、释放时间、启动次数。

1941年: 所有德律风根的一切均转移到AEG公司，AEG成为德律风根的唯一拥有者，包含其工厂和各项专利。

1948年: 德国没有被邀请参与哥本哈根会议，会议决定中欧的中波和短波无线电频率的区分。战争刚刚结束，德国不被认为是一个技术上重要的国家。正因为如此，德国决定发展FM调频广播，FM传输的质量大大高于其他国家的AM。在这个时候，德律风根开发出V72麦克风/放大系统及其衍生产品，适用于所有德国广播公司和大多数欧洲国家，以及最重要的录音棚，如EMI，Decca，Telefunken等。

1955年: 公司改成为德律风根公司( Telefunken GmbH )。

1967年: 德律风根与AEG公司合併,公司成为AEG-Telefunken。

1970年: 管理不善导致公司失去市场份额。AEG公司开始外包整个业务部门和不断重整。

1985 年: Daimler-Benz AG买下了AEG-Telefunken。

1996年: Telefunken被除名，並且音频产品相关的所有活动停止。

今天的公司名称更新为Telefunken Holding AG,并以此名称使用及负责于全球。在美国Telefunken USA买下权利并以Telefunken Elektroakustik品牌行销原有的麦克风和音频设备于全球市场。

帮助音乐传播至整个世界的原来公司已经不存在了。

4035w/3d - cn

Grundig 4…

17th 3 月 20175th 10 月 2017
by giovanni

Produced in 1954/55, the Grundig 4035W/3D substituted the glorious 4040W/3D.
It inherited the great sound created by the huge loudspeaker system and the Class A final stage.

The modern EL84 substituted the EL12 for a more precised and defined sound, if that is even possible. The EL84 is still considered one of the most musical tubes ever produced and it is still used in the High-End amplifiers.

Even in this case the device is equipped with a double output transformer and with an elaborate feedback system that has been designed to linearize the frequency response in the output stage.
The second output transformer is specific for the side loudspeaker so that you will not ever have saturation effects.
It is of course an expensive solution that will be abandoned in later production.
The tone controls are inserted in the feedback circuit so that the distorsioni is further reduced.

The FM converter stage is composed of two separate triodes as in the most prestigious SABAs.
This stage is amplified by an exclusive circuit equipped with an EF89 before continuing in Medium Frequency stage.
This peculiarity reduces the interferences, already very minimum, with the amplitude signal’s width fluctuations.
Tuning is therefore extremely stable.

All these expensive technical solutions create a high level sound quality. The 4035W/3D makes us incredibly satisfied.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

- Bluetooth receiver embed - The unit is equipped with a BLUETOOTH receiver powered directly by the receiver power supply. This makes it possible to control the amplifier from any external digital device as an IPAD, a Smartphone, or a sophisticated multimedia station. So you can hear your preferred web station or your lossesless file without cables on the room. Wireless Receiver can be equipped upon requests.
- Multi Platform Connection - A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

1930 - At 22 years old Max Grundig begin a radio repair business.

1939 - The II world War start. Grundig works primarily for the Wehrmacht and repair of telecommunication equipment.

1945 - Immediately after the war, the demand for repair work was very great. Max Grundig built the first two Grundig appliances: the Tubatest tube tester and the Novatest testing device.

1947 - Start the sale of a kit radio, the Heinzelmann. The unit is the basis of success, sold more than 15,000 pieces.

1950 - Very high frequency (VHF) is introduced to Germany and places new demands on the industry. Grundig launches the 380 W on the market.

1952 - The first television channel starts up in Germany. After intensive research, Grundig launches the FS 080 onto the market. In the same year the first portable tape recorder Reporter 500 L is created.

1956 - After a lot of radio produced with progrssively high performances was produced the Concert Radio 5080 equipped with an equaliser, which has five controls and a visual display.

1965 - A new factory is established in Braga, Portugal. The Satellit 205 is one of many appliances in the Satellit series. This product marks the beginning of Grundig production of high-quality global receivers.

1970 - The Audiorama 7000 Hi-fi was produced, it has twelve dynamic speaker systems in one speaker.

1976 - The Reel Tape Recorder TS 1000 is equipped for semi-professional use.

1980 - The slim-line Hi-fi Tuner ST 6000 and the Monolith Hi-fi Dynamic Flat Top Antenna, which has 22 speaker systems, are two particularly popular appliances in the new hi-fi range.

1984 - After severe drop in sales Philips increased its stake in Grundig 31.6 percent and takes over the corporate management.

1997 - Philips pulls out of its involvement with Grundig.

2003 - The company files for bankruptcy.

2008 - Turkey's Koç Holding took full ownership of Grundig Multimedia B.V., the parent company of Grundig Intermedia GmbH in Nuremberg.

Courtesy of: Grundig

The tones control system is very efficient. Above the large tone control knobs there is a band that lights up gradually indicating the emphasis on the band on which it acts.
A detail specific for “extreme” technical radios lovers: the high-tone control knob is linked to two thin ropes. One of them is for the position indicator of the control itself, whereas the other changes the position of the ferrite in the MF transformers modifying the inclination of the transformer’s curve.
By doing so high tones were attenuated/accentuated even before getting to the BF stage. Tone control was usually put into effect with the potentiometer on the tension amplifier stage

Inside the cabinet there is a dipole for FM reception and a ferrite rotating aerial for AM reception.
Ferrite aerial can be rotated from the outside to achieve a perfect tuning of the device in the AM.
In this picture see the rotation mechanism and the position indicator of the aerial.
The reception sensitivity with internal aerials is very good. This unit was in fact produced in a period when there were not many radio stations and those available fairly apart from each others.
Using an external aerial sensitivity is further increased.

177w - cn

Graetz Sp…

8th 3 月 201725th 4 月 2023
by giovanni

The Graetz Spitzen Super 177W is the most prestigious Graetz radio produced in the early 50s. “Spitzen Super” means extra strong, the device’s vocation.
This device is huge and does not hide its pride of being on the A list. The cabinet, in my opinion, is the best among the Graetz devices. The wood flames are deliberately noticeable and give the cabinet a certain lightness. Its blunted edges and again lighten the overall aspect of the cabinet.

The sound of this device is rather smooth and its knobs can be turned without twitches. Tuning stability is given by the heavy fly-wheel located on the same axis of the control and ensuring inertia.

The power stage is a push-pull of two EL84 like many other later Hi-Fi amplifiers. The remarkable loudspeaker array with a huge wide band elliptical woofer, an elliptical midrange and a cone tweeter on the backside.
The sound is powerful and very precise. Graetz favored sound quality over pure power and wanted to document the details of this choice. Further on, on this page, you can find an entire section describing the actions made on this device. Usual profound bass, medium is there and acute is sharp. Clearly the valve final creates no problem with the listening.

This Graetz is certainly the result of an accurate study and of an expensive project in order to be among the best at that time.
The counterreaction circuits are very complex and tone controls are inside them, so that the emphasis given to the controls varies according to the volume. This effects adds to the fact that the circuit is equipped with a more than one stage loudness. When the acute sounds are at the highest the medium AM bell-shaped curve can be changes with the help of a switch integrated in the potentiometer. By doing this the acute sounds of that band can be further raised.
Many other remarkable elements characterize this device. An example is the number of condensers employed. A beautiful high quality device, with a fascinating aesthetics, perfectly functioning and with a powerful and “cozy” sound.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

The Ehrich & Graetz metalworks was a factory established in 1866 in Berlin by Albert Graetz (1831–1901) and the tradesman Emil Ehrich (died 1887) under the name "Lampen-Fabrik Ehrich & Graetz OHG" (E&G).
By 1897 the firm was controlled by Albert's sons, Max Graetz, and Adolf Graetz. The company grew rapidly, and in 1899 factory complexes were built in Berlin, in the United States, France, the UK, and Bombay.
Around 1910-1916 Max Graetz developed the famous Petromax Lantern. Around 1925 the factory also produced radios, and other electrical appliances under the name Graetzor.

In the Second World War, just as in the First World War, the company was part of the war industry. With the use of forced laborers from France, Russia and the Netherlands the company made huge gains in production.
At the end of April 1945 the factory was claimed by the Russian army.

In 1949 the firm became part of the "peoples" program, "VEB-VolksEigenerBetrieb" and since 1950 "VEB Fernmeldewerk, Berlin Treptow (RFFT)." VolksEigenerBetrieb, means that the factory was owned by the people for the people (Communism)

In 1948 Erich, and Fritz Graetz founded a new company in Altena, Germany known by the name The Graetz Firm, which was successor to the lost family company in Berlin. The new company produced mainly radios and televisions.
In 1961 the company was then sold to Standard Elektrik Lorenz (SEL) AG, but since 1987 has been to the present owned by the Finnish company Nokia.

On the left side you can see the volume control knob (with incorporated loudness).
On the same axis there is the regulation of the ferrite aerial.
On the right the magic eye indicating the perfect tuning of each station.
Below the bass tones indicator and further below its control knob.
The Long, Medium, and Short Wave AM scale and the FM scale.
On left-hand corner on the bottom the Off, record player, recorder buttons and those for Long, Medium 1, 2, Short and FM Wave bands.
On the right the treble indicator and its control knob.

Preamplifier - Sine Wave - 1000 Hz
Preamplifier - Triangle Wave - 1000 Hz
Preamplifier - Square Wave - 1000 Hz
Inverter stage - Triangle Wave - 1000 Hz
Anode output power tubes - Sine wave - 1000 Hz
Output on own loudspeakers - Square wave - 1000 Hz
Output on own loudspeakers - Sine wave - 20 Hz
Output on own loudspeakers - Sine wave - 100 Hz
Output on own loudspeakers - Sine wave - 5000 Hz
Output on own loudspeakers - Sine wave - 15000 Hz

graetz - cn

Graetz Me…

6th 3 月 201716th 2 月 2024
by giovanni

The Melodia M618 is the radio with the most modern design produced by Graetz in those years.
No radio in those years had a design somehow similar to this. It is of the end of Fifties that we are referring to.
This is the reason why I wanted to dedicate a page of my website to it.

Its design gave me the opportunity to take pictures of it with modern furniture. But it is when I put it among elements of colonial style that its impact became astonishing.
Warm colours, soft wood, natural sound that only tubes can give. It looked like radio and furniture were designed together.

Technically this device has everything available at the time.
Separated tone controls. Three curves set equalizer. Two frontal widerange loudspeakers, a frontal cone tweeter and a double sided flutes horn tweeter.
Class A power amplifier with the wonderful classic EL84.

Tuning is stable and sharp on every band.
This is an easy radio to find a place to, because of its reasonable measures.
All in all, a true little jewel.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

Inside the cabinet there is a dipole for FM reception and a ferrite rotating aerial for AM reception.
Ferrite aerial can be rotated from the outside to achieve a perfect tuning of the device in the AM.
In this picture you can see the rotation mechanism, and the aerial position indicator.
The reception sensitivity with internal aerials is very good. This unit was in fact produced when there were not many radio stations, and those available were far from each other.
Using an external aerial sensitivity is further increased.

The first objects you meet on the left is the magic eye indicating the perfect tuning of each station and below the bass tones indicator.
Then you can see the volume control knob (with incorporated loudness).
On the same axis there is the ferrite aerial orientation knob.
The Long, Medium, and Short Wave AM scale and the FM scale.
On the right the tuning knob and further the treble tone indicator.
Below we see the bass control, the Off, record player, recorder , Ferrite Aerial buttons and those for Long, Medium, Short and FM Wave bands, and further the treble control knob.

loewe opta - cn

Loewe Opt…

22nd 2 月 201720th 5 月 2017
by giovanni

The Loewe Opta Venus 822W, Loewe’s the top model after the Hellas, has a most beautiful casing.
One of the characteristics of Loewe-Opta radios that I have always appreciated is their commitment and beauty from an aesthetic point of view. The wooden surfaces are all convex with the front of the device which supports the keyboard by ogive arch sections. Frames in authentic lapped brass. Folded edges in the brass leaf. The keyboard itself has rounded and edged buttons in an ivory tint. The grain of the wood is finely coupled with perpendicular intersections.
All of these precious features come together to achieve a vibrant, balanced, and very pleasant cabinet.
Back in the day, carpenters knew the difference between a piece of wood and a furniture.
Obviously what is stunning about this device is the original illuminated section that reproduces a gracious abat jour effect. Such valuableness is not found is any other device of any other brand. The lighting feature can be activated by gently pulling a small cord on the top left side of the *case/cabinet/chassis and can be turned on or off independently from the radio itself.
The listening experience, after the necessary warm-up time, is naturally very pleasing, full-bodied but also ringing and clear.
The Venus 822W is equipped with a hearty front speaker with a rounded wide-band produced by Isophon. This transducer has the curvature of a cone-shaped hyperbole typical of multioctave/multiple-eighths speakers.
The two lateral tweeters induce a 3D-effect and allow a homogeneous musical response from whichever angle the device is listened from.

Tuning is stable and reception, particularly in FM, is very clean.
The device, once turned on, is ready to use after a few swconds of warm-up time, but as for all tube-device the optimal sound is achieved after at least 15 minutes of use. All the components need to reach the operative temperature to become stable.

LOUDSPEAKERS

Three impressive loudspeakers. A big wideband on the front and two eliptical mid-tweeters on the left and right side.

SPEAKER LIGHTING

You can use this radio as nice beside lamp.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

1923 Foundation of the radio frequency GmbH by brothers Siegmund and David Ludwig Loewe, and others.

1926 The first success come, the Loewe OE333 radio.

1929 The founding of Loewe Television AG

1931 World's first TV based on the cathode ray tube

1933 Because Hitler the political against the Jews forces Ludwig Loewe to emigrate.

1938 Loewe produce the first home audiovisual entertainment centre with integrated radio, television and record player.

1939 Introduction of the standard TV receiver "E1"

1940 Loewe becomes a war factory and change name to Löwe Radio and Co.

1942 Löwe Radio forced to change its name to Opta and Co.

1945 Civil production continues in Berlin, Leipzig and Kronach

1946 The establishment of a branch factory in Düsseldorf where were built the best Loewe radios

1949 The firm is changed in Loewe Opta and Co

1950 The world's first home tape recorder

1958 Radio production continued only in Berlin and Düsseldorf. Kronach factory produces only TV

1961 Germany's first device for home recording, the Optacord 500

1964 Founding of Loewe Opta GmbH

1965 From now on radio production was carried on only in Berlin

1979 Loewe revolutionizes the construction of TV sets with the inroduction of the fully integrated platina chassis.

1981 The sensation: Loewe presents to the press the first European stereo TV

1983 Loewe introduces the first series production of the BTX decoder for the new CEPT standard.

1994 Loewe bring the first fully digital TV with 100 Hz Technology onto the market

1997 With the Loewe Xelos @ media the age of the union of television,computers and telecommunications is introduced.

There are three loudspeakers.
The large wide-band loudspeaker in die-cast aluminum delivers a warm, deep bass, very present medium tones and a smooth, silky treble.
The two elliptical Mid-Tweeters, when inserted, reconstruct the scene with a brilliant treble sound that is never squeaky or annoying, that typical of paper tweeters.
The Mid-Tweeters are isolated from the rest of the chassis being that each is collected in a designated shell that also has the function of conveying the sounds in the double side exits.

On the left side you can see the volume control knob (with incorporated loudness).
Pulling on the volume knob activates the narrow tuning for the mid-wave band.
From the upper side the FM, the Short, medium and Long Waves.
Finally, the movement of the tuning knob is very pleasant being supported by a large flywheel.
Axially to the tuning knob the command of the ferrite antenna rotation.
From left, there are, in order of appearance, the bass control with its indicator, the 3D buttons, the "Voice" equalization, FA-Ferrite Antenna, OFF buttons, record player, keys for tuning Long, Short and Medium Waves, FM, and the knob for the treble control with its own indicator.

braun - cn

Braun Ate…

21st 2 月 201727th 2 月 2019
by giovanni

BRAUN建造的最佳电子管接收器

这是一个非常特别的回顾。事实上，所测试的设备在60年代是德国建造最好的电子管立体声接收器之一，在当时比其他的设备不仅是具有令人震惊的设计---现代和理性的。而且我们对此接收器改善了一些不足之处。结果是令人激赏的。

但让我们从头开始。接收器部分可以说是Braun电子管设备生产的极限。德国最大的电子管接收器生产还是属于这些大厂，比如Telefunken Opus 2550，Nordmende 3004，Graetz Stereo Unit 250，the Saba Studio I等。

本装置的主要特点是电路的简化（现今而言是理所当然的，但1961年被认为是一个显着的特点）。Braun不同于其他设备，针对低失真和杰出的音乐透明度其负反馈减少到单一的电阻（图中红色圈记）。

权威的声音控制电路：一个非常有效的且平衡的Baxandall电路（图中黄色圈记）。它允许依据电位器而不改变信号的相位状况下控制声音。

响度电路（图中绿色圈记）是非常简单的而且低频重点研究是正确的。声音质量和德律风根，Nordmende是一样好；和Grundig和Graetz在同一水平，Braun也许比他們更细致。

你肯定需要一組高效率的扬声器。其惊人的设计和其性能对这种升级的设备是有价值的。

FM频率范围

调频频率范围从88扩大到104兆赫(MHz)

更合适的唱片机

新的老式唱片机具备抗滑和唱头重量调节功能

放大器的改进

新的放大器改用静音电容器及电阻

立体声解码器

配备MPX解码器

蓝牙

内置蓝牙接收器

详细介绍 >

- FM频率范围从88到104兆赫---在1950 / 60年代德国生产的电子管收音机是世界闻名的，这是因为他们出色的声音质量，他们美丽的机箱外型，他们的实力和他们没有妥协的作业标准。不幸的是，FM频段只有从87.5~100兆赫，但无法接收到100兆赫以上的电台，经过仔细的研究和大量的测试，我们能够获得的频率范围由原有范围扩大至88~104兆赫。我们还重建了一个与原始完全相同的玻璃面板，用相同的材料和相同的技术，且与新的频率范围对应，结果是完美的。使我们可以在任何国家收听到大部分的FM电台。

- -新的老式唱片机具备抗滑和唱头重量调节功能- --原来安装在这个美丽机器的唱片机是不够胜任的。在1962年你可以找到更好的，但考虑到空间，美学，我想也有经济的原因，它只安装了一个Braun PC4唱片机。
新的唱片机是由Dual生产的，是一个非常特殊的机型。它有一系列的特点而且容许移植至Braun Atelier 3，价格也是我们负担得起的。

相容性特点：
-比Braun稍新几年
-与原来的唱片机尺寸相当
-Piezo唱头: 所以它能夠在Braun前置放大器完美地工作
改进特点：
- 唱头重量调整
- 抗滑调整
这是必要的一个重要的上方面板调整工作，但结果是完美的，似乎是与生俱来的。

- - 放大器的改进---新的高品质金属膜电阻器取代嘈杂的老式碳复合电阻。旧的电容器完全更新，新的电阻器具有非常低的寄生损耗（ESR）。我们非常注意这些老旧零配件的续用性。所有的改进都是实质性的。

- -超静音MPX解码器--- MPX解码器引入RF和BF阶段之间。通常没有这个装置的。这个解码器是由和我一起工作德国工程师特别为这个接收器设计的。噪音电平非常低。串话干扰完美校准。正确的接收条件，结果是一个准确的声学重建

- 蓝牙接收器加装-该单位配备了一个蓝牙接收器，直接由收音机供应电源。这使得有可能控制放大器从任何外部数字设备作为一个iPad，智能手机，或一个复杂的多媒体站。所以你能无线听到您喜欢的网站或你的无损档案。无线接收器可根据要求选配。

- Walter Gropius, 新建筑与包豪斯, 剑桥、麻省理工大学出版社, 1968, ©1965.
- Gropius - Marston Fitch, Walter Gropius, 纽约, G. Braziller, (世界建筑大师系列), 1960.
- Magdalena Droste; Angelika Taschen, 包豪斯 1919 - 1933, Ko?ln Taschen 2002,
- Reissinger; Robinson; Siebenbrodt, Bauhaus Weimar - 设计的未来, Ostfildern-Ruit : Hatje Cantz Publishers, 2000.
- Jaeggi-Schwaiger, Fagus: 从Werkbund到Bauhaus的工业文化, 纽约 , Princeton Architectural Press, 2000.
- Hans-Joachim Braun, 在第二十世纪的德国经济（德意志帝国和联邦共和国），纽约出版社， Routledge, New York 1990.
- Jonathan M Woodham, 第二十年代的设计，牛津大学出版社，牛津， 1997.
- Nigel Whiteley, 为社会的设计，伦敦，Reaktion Books, 1998.

Web:
- http://www.bauhaus.de/
- http://designmuseum.org/design/dieter-rams
- http://gizmodo.com/5411868/dieter-rams-gallery/gallery/10
- http://www.formguide.de/en/designers/overview/peter-keler/

1961年是“第二十世纪历史”的“十字路口”之一。在欧洲，这一年的事件将留下深刻的印记，无论是好是坏。战后的国际形势发生了深刻的变化。那些打败纳粹德国的国家现在在军事上和思想上都是对立的。从年初起，冷战影响了全世界，新的全球战争的威胁出现在这一点上不可避免的。在这种阴郁的气候下，人类接连发生了一系列重大事件。

特别是在德国，1961年被回忆起“长城之年”。几天后，德意志民主共和国当局下令建造一个双层墙和武装监视系统，目的是阻止民主德国（含首都东柏林）和德意志联邦共和国（简称“联邦德国”或“西德”）所属的西柏林之间人员的自由往来。柏林墙成为东西柏林地区之间的对比，逐渐涉及到整个世界的象征，不久之后将在两年后与古巴危机的核灾难的边缘。

对比两个超级大国涉及经济和政治生活的各个领域。科学研究为征服太空而铺路，也开辟了美国与苏联之间的另一场太空竞赛。1961年4月12日，Yuri Gagarin与东方1号是第一次人类在太空轨道环绕地球的。美利坚合众国必须承认这是苏联技术发展的巨大飞跃。

这是以对立身份出现知识分子之间建立的桥梁。对文化而言1961年果然也是不平凡的一年：Ivo Andric是获得诺贝尔文学奖；法兰克福学派实证主义与辩证唯物主义之间的争论。Karl Popper和Theodor Adorno讨论了科学的研究方法，产生了“Positivismusstreit”，即实证主义和唯物辩证法之间的冲突，将影响未来的认识论的争论。哲学论争是由马克思主义和实证主义的不同意识形态观所引发的。海明威自杀，Primo Levi写道“休止/停战”，历经啤酒的地狱后回到生活世界的帐单。

此外，已在第二次世界大战中被摧毁，在50年代继续形成了一个前所未有的经济增长时期的铺垫，1961年经济繁荣年和重新建设的欧洲。福利社会兴起，德国处于第一线。

德国文化的重新发现者Weimar。而艺术和戏剧的先锋派的代表，如Brecht. Walter Gropius.在1919的包豪斯建筑的革命倾向的创始人，Walter Gropius是BAUHAUS学校的创办人,包豪斯的目的是将艺术和工艺结合起来，以此解决工业革命所产生的问题。Walter Gropius认为，“必须形成一个新的设计学派来影响本国的工业界”。第二次世界大战后，他的建筑理论和实践为各国建筑界所推崇。他认为现代建筑师要创造自己的美学章法，“通过精确的不含糊的形式，清新的对比，各种部件之间的秩序，形体和色彩的匀称与统一来创造自己的美学章法。这是社会的力量与经济所需要的。在日常生活用品的设计中，包豪斯强调设计家要着眼于工业大生产，要为大多数人生产实用美观的物品，而不是为少数的富豪生产奢侈品。

新的建筑技术的概念进入大公司槽由聘请设计师，新的专业，开始影响生产线。随着事情的新方法，是产品的销售对象是在一个“总”的产品来看，这是一个综合的技术和概念，现代的设计理念为我们目前的意思是天生的。

Braun是最早决定投资设计的公司之一。最好的设计师是Dieter Rams，他出生于1932年5月20日，出生地是德国的威斯巴登。1947年他在威斯巴登的Werkkunst学校建筑学专业学习。1955年他成为1921年建立的Braun公司的一位建筑师和室内设计师，1956年开始为他们设计产品。1961年他成为布劳恩公司产品设计和发展部门的领导。他曾为建筑师奥图·阿培尔（Otto Apel）短暂地工作，随后便加入家电用品制造商百灵的设计部门，同时期建立起与乌尔姆造型学院的产学合作关系，1961年晋升为百灵首席设计师，一直到1995年仍留有这个头衔。他带来了发展“符合人体工程学的重要性”的概念，总结了他的名言"Weniger, aber besser",，即“少，但更好”，或者更广泛意义上的“少，只要更好”。他在作品中对Bauhaus的影响是明显的，特别是Peter Keler的作品，从他作为概念的“空间”和“线性”的作品为“wiege（摇篮）”，1922翻译成简单和优雅的线条。

Carlo Giacchin

1.好的设计是革新的: 永远不要为了设计革新而革新。

2.好的设计是实用的: 产品是供人使用的，好的设计强调产品的实用性。

3.好的设计是美观的: 一个产品的审美品质和它的实用性是不可分割的，因为产品每天都在使用，对人们和他们的幸福都有影响。

4. 好的设计使产品可以理解: 它能够自己解释自己。

5.好的设计是谨慎克制的: 履行某种功能的产品具有工具属性，它们既不是装饰物也不是艺术品。

6.好的设计是诚实的: 产品不应该看起来比实际上更创新、更高效和更有价值，它不试图通过无法兑现的承诺来操纵消费者。

7.好的设计是经久永恒的: 它避免迎合时尚，也因此不会过时。

8.好的设计在细枝末节处也维持一致: 不要容忍随意和偶然。设计的逻辑性和准确性，最终都是表达对消费者的尊重。

9.好的设计是环保的:设计是要为保护环境作出重要贡献。

10.好的设计是尽可能少的设计: 少，但更好。回到纯净，回到简单。

恢复前输出功率板
恢复前后
两个板恢复
MPX解码器
底面
新的整流器和电容器的供电器
匹配的NOS功率管
调频振荡器修改: 达到104兆赫
FM调频转换器的校准
对中频变压器调谐
接近示波器
FM调频检波调谐
很完美! 在探测器10、7 MHz的电流为零
这是正确的比率曲线
Braun裸机运作中
在重组前改造木箱的情况
木箱组合
更接近，看到完美
装配新的唱片机
新的唱片机几乎准备就绪
唱片机的第一次测试
新的玻璃面板。您可以看到各种透明度如同原来的。

2083 - cn

AEG 2083 …

21st 2 月 201720th 5 月 2017
by giovanni

It is important to underline that Telefunken is a joint venture between AEG and Siemens. It was created in order to produce professional and consumer radio devices.
As you can see in the previous gallery, but for its front logo, there is no difference compared to the Orchestra 53.
In 1953 it was Telefunken's top quality model. The brand was one of the most prestigious german companies.
This device is characterized by a great number of remarkable features.
An example is the FM oscillator stage for which an expensive ECC81 tube with high gain was employed.

An extra medium frequency stage was added in all bands in order to obtain a better sensitivity and selectivity than other excellent german devices.An aerial amplifier stage for AM bands was added in order to further improve the sensitivity in these bands that were extensively employed at that time.
Equally refined solutions were used on the Output stage
Pure A class with a powerful EL12 tube was used on the output stage.
Usually the outupt transformer distorts the sound. The bigger the output transformer the less the sound is distorted. This device has a very big transformer.
Moreover, to balance the frequency response a feedback system was used.

Professional louspeakers were used, the same that were employed in some theater loudspeakers. Clearly a greater number of the latter was used in theaters.
Due to its high quality the woofer is usually traded on ebay for USD 180.
With this business card to introduce it, this device cannot but save some great surprises for us.
With its stable tuning and relaxing sound the Orchestra 53 can be easily played in spacious rooms.

For those who want to start a collection with a great piece.

Back to my Telefunken Concertino TS’s review where I argued that the peculiar tuning lever and its fly-wheel reminded me of Fellini.
With this device I would update my argument saying that it reminds me of “The Great Beauty” where Fellini is undoubtedly still a strong presence.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth receiver embed

MULTI PLATFORM CONNECTION

Each radio is equipped with a cable for connection to any digital device.

– Multi Platform Connection – A customized adaptation cable to connect any digital device as Iphone, Smartphone, Laptop, CD Player etc. will be provided with this radio. This special cable suits the different impedances between the modern equipment and the receiver. Furthermore the two stereo channels flow into one without increasing the load to the input unit.

saba - cn

Saba meer…

30th 1 月 201715th 12 月 2017
by giovanni

源自SABA最好的单端接收器--- A级放大器

SABA MEERSBURG W4创建于1953年。Saba挑选德国的城市名称用于各种机型上。依据推拉功率而论，FREIBURG一直是SABA中的顶级机型。但若依据单端A级功率而论，顶级机型则属MEERSBURG。
然而MEERSBURG W2（将要探讨的机型）和MEERSBURG W4，从某种角度来说，因为各种原因及特点，MEERSBURG会比FRIBURG更有趣。
这篇评论也有点特别。事实上，我们将这个收音机做了一些变化并显着的将性能提高至最大。它将公布于公众，2016年十月于罗马和十二月于台北，未来其他城市也将公布。
由于我们的做法，这些变化是完全可逆的。但我们来到这个设备最有趣的原始功能。
音频部分：最后阶段是A级。如同现代最好的Hi-End放大器。一个真正的配置-同心扬声器组合。就像Goodmams，Altec，Jensen等高知名度的精制Hi-End音箱。
只有这样才能同时得到一个真实的和详细的声音意向。巴克森德尔在音调控制电路。如在接下来的几年中最好的Hi-End放大器。其他制造商也使用这个最简单和成本控制的配置。
无线部分：调频放大五极管。这种建设性的选择比后来的三极管放大器的灵敏度更高。不幸的是，此类型的放大管伴随着较高的内在噪声，这是需要细心的选择放大管。
-具有可变频率耦合的媒体转换器。这中频斜率和延伸校准非常准确的。通常情况下，从工厂到一平均值，这种控制是不存在的。
双中频级。这种昂贵的选择保证了高灵敏度和选择性。
结论：这收音机是美丽的，比例和圆形的尺寸。木材纹理是智慧和品味的选择。镜面处理光进一步提高了它的美丽。对于扬声器的布局，它是适合于放置在书架或墙上。这种类型的设备的音质是真的不可想象的。由于该设备配备了内置的蓝牙，它特别适合于听流音乐。在我看来，我尽我所能将它做到最好了。

改进的扬声器

扬声器的位置和种类发生了变化。

改进照明系统

我们也改变了照明系统

蓝牙

加装蓝牙接收器

多平台的连接

每台收音机都配备了一条连接到任何数字设备的音频线。

- 改进扬声器 - 这两个扬声器发生了变化，把中心轴对齐。一个新的交叉过滤器安装使反应曲线尽可能变得最好。结果是，以一个单一设备却能创造出令人难以置信的真实声场。以单声道聆听，它可能会有一些惊喜。眼见为实。

- 改进照明系统 - 新照明系统使玻璃面板的复古照明完美对称。在原装置的照明并非完美的对称，玻璃面板左右两侧的灯光不是对称的。这是不可接受的。你可以上网浏览其它MEERSBURG W系列，你就能理解其差异。

- 加装蓝牙接收器 - 此收音机配置了蓝牙接收器，由接收器电源直接供电。这使得它可以从任何外部数字设备控制放大器，如iPad、智能手机，或一个复杂的多媒体站。所以你能无线拨放您喜爱的网站或Apple lossless音乐。无线接收器可依客户需求配置。

- 多平台连接 - 一个定制的音频线，可以连接任何数字设备，如手机，智能手机，笔记本电脑，光盘播放器等，收音机接收音频。这种特殊的音频线适合现代设备和接收器之间的不同的阻抗。此外，两个立体声信道流入一个不增加负载到输入单元。

SABA是德文Schawarzwälder-Apparate-Bau-Anstalt的缩写，也就是黑森林技术设备工程学院。

公司在1835年由Joseph Benedikt成立，最初的公司名称是Jockele-Uhren，但只有1923年起的无线电设备生产开始，公司才以SABA的名义。
在20世纪末，SABA因制造S35而闻名.和在随后的几年，它仅次于TELEFUNKEN成为德国第二制造厂。战争期间，SABA生产军事装备并于1945年公司被彻底炸毁了。
1947年SABA是以收音机制造东山再起，和之前不同的是，现在是前卫和高质量的生产

他们也开始生产电视机（第一台PAL彩色电视就是SABA所生产），家用电器和医疗设备。许多意大利人曾经在那里工作。Alnico Greencone扬声器的高线性，高功率容量，恒定阻抗而成为流行.当时每一Hi-Fi音响设备都采用。

收音机电动调谐成为流行，同时SABA因其高质量、可靠性和精密度成为德国代表品牌。1970年代衰落开始。根据当时的专业杂志报导，如果你未拥有日本收音机，就表示你未曾拥有Hi-Fi。在上世纪80年代，Thompson（汤普森）接手SABA。在90年代，相反的，如果你拥有日本收音机，就表示你未曾拥有Hi-Fi。他们发现他们有96%逆反应，即便设备从1到100千赫只有0.001分贝的延伸也不一定是好声音。

即便没有好的目的，我们总会不相信自己的耳朵，而是相信别人所说的。

2007年：自从TLC（中国）和汤普森（法国）合资经营后，SABA因财务困难而不复存在。

german radios - cn

Graetz Si…

29th 1 月 20176th 4 月 2023
by giovanni

从第二次世界大战到60年代，Graetz被认为是最负盛名的无线电制造商之一，在那个年代由于在欧洲的高成本和经济条件，它从来没有达到高销售业绩。
Graetz设备一直被赞赏是因为他们的准确和优雅的做工，最重要的是，不断创新和专利的声学解决方案的研究。
SINFONIA 4R／221在1955 / 1956年是Graetz生产中最著名的系列核心产品，配备Rundstrahl-Raumklang durch Klangkompressor（全方位环绕声压缩机）。
我们将进一步看看Graetz创新的音响系统；喇叭声音传播通过特定的设计路径精确地查找出声音是非常重要的，以使房间的所有点获得完全相同的听觉效果。

中高音频是由一个看似装饰网格放置在机箱的上侧向四面八方传播。
此效果令人激动。由于巨大的低音单元安装于机箱前端内，大片的共鸣板使得低音是非常深和非常强的；高音清晰，明亮和愉快的。

声音的印象是如此的广泛，饱满而丰富，整体的音响效果让你一见钟情，甚至是当第一个音符响起。
希腊庙宇式的机箱是非常好和坚固，比例平衡，其不对称性令人印象深刻的。
正如预期的那样，极致的修复完成。

这收音机所有的设计都是令人兴奋的，从敏锐的按键和坚固的机械噪声，到愉悦柔和的音调和音量控制，直到伴随着调谐旋钮运动令人安心的大飞轮。由于其两阶段的中频调谐高度准确和稳定。但为什么会有人不想买它？SINFONIA 4R依然是一个相当昂贵的收音机，这可能真的是唯一的原因！

FM频率范围

调频频率范围从88扩大到108兆赫(MHz)

蓝牙

加装蓝牙接收器

多平台的连接

每台收音机都配备了一条连接到任何数字设备的音频线。

- FM频率范围从88到108兆赫---在1950 / 60年代德国生产的电子管收音机是世界闻名的，这是因为他们出色的声音质量，他们美丽的机箱外型，他们的实力和他们没有妥协的作业标准。不幸的是，FM频段只有从87.5~100兆赫，但无法接收到100兆赫以上的电台，经过仔细的研究和大量的测试，我们能够获得的频率范围由原有范围扩大至88~108兆赫。我们还重建了一个与原始完全相同的玻璃面板，用相同的材料和相同的技术，且与新的频率范围对应，结果是完美的。使我们可以在任何国家收听到所有的FM电台。

– 多平台连接-一个定制的适应电缆连接任何数字设备，如iPhone，智能手机，笔记本电脑，CD播放器等将提供这台收音机。这种特殊的电缆适合现代设备和接收机之间的不同阻抗。此外，两个立体声信道流入一个不增加负载的输入单元。

Ehrich & Graetz金属制品厂由Albert Graetz（1831–1901）和商人Emil Ehrich（死于1887）以“Lampen-Fabrik Ehrich & Graetz OHG” (E&G). 为公司名称成立于1866年柏林。
到1897时，公司由Albert的儿子Max Graetz和Adolf Graetz控制。公司发展迅速，1899分别在柏林、美国、法国、英国和孟买建立工厂。
在1910-1916 年Max Graetz成立了著名的Petromax Lantern公司。1925年工厂也以Graetzor公司名稱開始生产收音机和其他电器。

就像第一次世界大战一样，在第二次世界大战中该公司成為战争工业的一部分。随着来自法国、俄罗斯和中国的强迫劳工的使用，该公司在生产上取得了巨大的收益。
1945年四月底这家工厂被俄国军队占领了。

1949年公司成为“人民”计划的一部分，自1950年成為“VEB VolksEigenerBetrieb” “VEB Fernmeldewerk, Berlin Treptow (RFFT).” VolksEigenerBetrieb,，意味着工厂的人拥有者是人民（共产主义）。

1948年Erich和Fritz Graetz在德国Altena成立了一家新的公司名稱為Graetz公司，这是Graetzor在柏林遭沒收的家族公司的继任者。这家新公司主要生产收音机和电视机1961年公司再卖给Standard Elektrik Lorenz (SEL) AG，但自1987年以来一直到现在由芬兰Nokia公司拥有。

Musica 和 Melodia兩型號没有太多的分享，Sinfornia 4R这个型號是被设计来满足当代富有的发烧友的需求。
这台收音机的声音一直很出色。
当这项修复完成后，我有机会聆听美妙的NBC交响乐团- Harmonia Mundi，G小调大协奏曲“Christmas”的发烧版。音乐播放器是我的Marantz CD94 MKII插入
录音磁带输入。
經由SINFONIA 4R听交响乐真是令人兴奋的，甚至比听我自己的音响更精彩，虽然他们都对我很苛刻的标准定制。
下面，详细介绍，从声音扩散系统开始。